Because progressive reformers attacked political machines with campaigns for more efficient urban management, they were often
A.
rejected by progressive education reformers who relied on political insiders.
B.
attacked as cold and heartless by those who felt supported by the political machines.
C.
celebrated by the masses of new immigrants who felt alienated by the city government.
D.
embraced by low-level bureaucrats who wanted to profit from their government positions.
Explain why it's the correct answer too.
The correct answer is B. Progressive reformers who attacked political machines with campaigns for more efficient urban management were often attacked as cold and heartless by those who felt supported by the political machines.
To understand why this is the correct answer, we need to look at the context of the Progressive Era in American history. During this period, which lasted from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, there was a growing movement of reformers who sought to address various social and political issues.
Political machines, which were prevalent in many urban areas, were organizations led by powerful party bosses who controlled local politics through the distribution of patronage and favors. These machines often provided jobs, social services, and other benefits to their supporters in exchange for their loyalty and votes.
Progressive reformers aimed to challenge and dismantle the power of political machines, advocating for better government efficiency and more accountable administration. They argued that the political machines were corrupt, lacked transparency, and were hindering the progress of cities.
However, many people who benefited from the political machines viewed the reformers' efforts as threats to their livelihoods and the support they received. They saw the attacks on political machines as an attack on the social and economic support systems that they relied on. Therefore, they often viewed the reformers as cold and heartless individuals who were indifferent to the needs and struggles of the working class and immigrant communities.
Overall, the progressive reformers faced opposition and criticism from those who felt supported by political machines, leading them to be attacked and labeled as cold and heartless.