Mention any five determinants of of infant and child mortality
Sure! The determinants of infant and child mortality are factors or variables that influence the likelihood of a child dying before reaching the age of five. Here are five key determinants:
1. Socioeconomic Status: Socioeconomic status refers to factors such as income, education, occupation, and access to basic amenities. Lower socioeconomic status is associated with higher infant and child mortality rates. To determine the impact of socioeconomic status on infant and child mortality, you can analyze relevant data sets such as national surveys or demographic databases.
2. Access to Healthcare: Adequate access to healthcare services is crucial in reducing infant and child mortality. Factors to consider include availability and quality of healthcare facilities, affordability of healthcare services, proximity to healthcare providers, and the presence of health insurance coverage. Examining data sources such as health statistical reports or community health surveys can help identify disparities in healthcare access that affect infant and child mortality rates.
3. Maternal and Child Nutrition: Proper nutrition during pregnancy and early childhood plays a significant role in reducing infant and child mortality. Assessing maternal and child nutrition involves examining factors like prenatal care, breastfeeding practices, access to nutritious food, and overall dietary patterns. To gather information on maternal and child nutrition, you can consult sources such as national nutrition surveys, growth monitoring reports, or data from health facilities.
4. Environmental Conditions: Environmental factors such as sanitation, access to clean water, housing conditions, and exposure to pollution directly impact infant and child mortality. To understand how environmental conditions affect mortality rates, you can analyze reports from environmental agencies, water and sanitation assessments, or community health surveys.
5. Education and Literacy: Literacy and education levels of mothers and the general population have a substantial influence on child survival rates. Educated mothers are more likely to adopt healthy practices, seek timely medical care, and make informed decisions related to childcare. To assess the impact of education and literacy on infant and child mortality, you can refer to national education statistics, literacy surveys, or correlational studies that explore the relationship between education and child health outcomes.
It is important to note that analyzing data from reliable sources, conducting research studies, or reviewing relevant literature can provide more in-depth insights into these determinants and their impact on infant and child mortality.