Causes and effects of Peloponnesian war
The Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC) was a conflict between the two leading city-states in ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta. The primary cause of the war was the fear of the growing power of Athens, which had become the most powerful city-state in Greece. Sparta, fearing the potential of Athens to dominate the region, formed an alliance with other city-states to oppose Athens. This alliance eventually led to the outbreak of the war.
The effects of the war were far-reaching. Athens was defeated and its power was greatly diminished. Sparta emerged as the dominant power in Greece, and its influence spread throughout the region. The war also had a significant impact on the economy of Greece, as it caused a disruption in trade and commerce. Additionally, the war caused a decline in the population of Greece, as many people were killed or displaced during the conflict.