The author contends that African Americans have lost ground in the struggle for civil liberties because they have

a. focused only on creating organizations
b. too often made the wrong decisions
c. not sufficiently fought back
d. used violence to protect property

Use the Charles Graham image of workers in Pittsburgh to answer the question. Which of the following products of the nineteenth century was NOT an effect of the type of production shown in the image?

A. railways
B. skyscrapers
C. organized labor
D. western expansion

Use the excerpt from the Homestead Act to answer the question. Which of the following is NOT evident from the act?

A. the cost of the land
B. who was entitled to land
C. how much land citizens would receive
D. where the land would come from

Use the photograph of immigrants at the Ford Motor Co. Factory in Detroit to answer the question. How does this image illustrate a domestic response to immigration?

A. It shows that native-born Americans largely resisted increasing immigration.
B. It shows that most male immigrants were encouraged to come by female citizens.
C. It demonstrates that immigrants were encouraged to assimilate into native communities. D. It indicates that native citizens and new immigrants frequently fought over scarce resources.

Use the excerpt from the Sherman Antitrust Act to answer the question. The Sherman Antitrust Act made it illegal to

A. restrain trade through contracts, trusts, and conspiracies.
B. create business contracts that combined more than two companies.
C. have companies compete directly with other companies in the same field.
D. produce monopolies that would create profits for people other than shareholders.

Use the photograph of people paying New Year's calls to answer the question. The image indicates that, in the 1800s,

A. diverse cultural groups brought their traditions to the United States.
B. it was easy for members of distinct ethnic groups to blend with others.
C. the American "melting pot" was producing a thoroughly homogenized American culture.
D. immigrants lost their original traditions as they assimilated into mainstream American culture.

a. Because they have focused only on creating organizations - In the struggle for civil liberties, African Americans have fought for equal rights and justice through various means, including organizing and participating in civil rights organizations, advocating for policy changes, and engaging in peaceful protests. While creating organizations is an important aspect of their struggle, it is not the sole reason for any lost ground in civil liberties. African Americans have faced systemic racism and discrimination that have hindered their progress towards full equality.

To answer each of the questions, we will use the provided images or excerpts to analyze the information and eliminate the incorrect answer choices.

1. The question is about the reasons why African Americans have lost ground in the struggle for civil liberties. The options are "a. focused only on creating organizations," "b. too often made the wrong decisions," "c. not sufficiently fought back," and "d. used violence to protect property." The question mentions that we should use the Charles Graham image of workers in Pittsburgh to answer it. However, there is no mention of this image in the question, so we cannot use it to answer. Instead, we should analyze the reasoning behind the struggle for civil liberties. Based on the options, the answer that aligns with historical context is "c. not sufficiently fought back," as African Americans have often been denied their civil rights due to systemic racism and oppression.

2. The question asks us to identify the product of the nineteenth century that was NOT an effect of the type of production shown in the image. The options are "A. railways," "B. skyscrapers," "C. organized labor," and "D. western expansion." The question mentions that we should use the Charles Graham image of workers in Pittsburgh to answer it. By analyzing the image, it appears to be depicting industrial production, such as steel manufacturing. Therefore, we can eliminate "A. railways," "B. skyscrapers," and "D. western expansion," as all of these were influenced by the type of production shown in the image. This leaves us with "C. organized labor" as the answer that was NOT an effect of this type of production.

3. The question asks us to identify what is NOT evident from the excerpt of the Homestead Act. The options are "A. the cost of the land," "B. who was entitled to land," "C. how much land citizens would receive," and "D. where the land would come from." By analyzing the excerpt, we can see that it does mention the cost of the land, who was entitled to land, and how much land citizens would receive. However, it does not explicitly mention where the land would come from. Therefore, "D. where the land would come from" is NOT evident from the excerpt.

4. The question asks us to analyze the photograph of immigrants at the Ford Motor Co. Factory in Detroit to determine how it illustrates a domestic response to immigration. The options are "A. It shows that native-born Americans largely resisted increasing immigration," "B. It shows that most male immigrants were encouraged to come by female citizens," "C. It demonstrates that immigrants were encouraged to assimilate into native communities," and "D. It indicates that native citizens and new immigrants frequently fought over scarce resources." By analyzing the photograph, we can see that it does not provide evidence for options A, B, or D. However, it does indicate that immigrants were encouraged to assimilate into native communities, which aligns with option C. Therefore, "C. It demonstrates that immigrants were encouraged to assimilate into native communities" is the correct answer.

5. The question asks us to determine what the Sherman Antitrust Act made illegal. The options are "A. restrain trade through contracts, trusts, and conspiracies," "B. create business contracts that combined more than two companies," "C. have companies compete directly with other companies in the same field," and "D. produce monopolies that would create profits for people other than shareholders." By analyzing the excerpt from the Sherman Antitrust Act, we can see that it mentions restraining trade through contracts, trusts, and conspiracies, which aligns with option A. Therefore, "A. restrain trade through contracts, trusts, and conspiracies" is the correct answer.

6. The question asks us to interpret the photograph of people paying New Year's calls in the 1800s. The options are "A. diverse cultural groups brought their traditions to the United States," "B. it was easy for members of distinct ethnic groups to blend with others," "C. the American 'melting pot' was producing a thoroughly homogenized American culture," and "D. immigrants lost their original traditions as they assimilated into mainstream American culture." By analyzing the photograph, we can see that it does not provide evidence for options B, C, or D. However, it does indicate that diverse cultural groups brought their traditions to the United States, as people are shown engaging in New Year's calls, which aligns with option A. Therefore, "A. diverse cultural groups brought their traditions to the United States" is the correct answer.

The author contends that African Americans have lost ground in the struggle for civil liberties because they have not sufficiently fought back.

In the Charles Graham image of workers in Pittsburgh, the product of the nineteenth century that was NOT an effect of the type of production shown is C. organized labor.

From the excerpt of the Homestead Act, what is NOT evident is A. the cost of the land.

The photograph of immigrants at the Ford Motor Co. Factory in Detroit illustrates a domestic response to immigration by demonstrating that immigrants were encouraged to assimilate into native communities (C).

According to the excerpt from the Sherman Antitrust Act, it made it illegal to restrain trade through contracts, trusts, and conspiracies (A).

The photograph of people paying New Year's calls indicates that in the 1800s, diverse cultural groups brought their traditions to the United States (A).