How does the structure of atoms in a substance determine the substance’s conductivity?(1 point)
Responses
If an atom’s nucleus is positively charged, the substance is a good conductor.
If an atom’s nucleus is positively charged, the substance is a good conductor.
If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is loosely bound to the nucleus, the substance is a good conductor.
If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is loosely bound to the nucleus, the substance is a good conductor.
If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is positively charged, the substance is a good conductor.
If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is positively charged, the substance is a good conductor.
If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is tightly bound to the nucleus, the substance is a good conductor.
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If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is tightly bound to the nucleus, the substance is a poor conductor.
The correct answer is: If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is loosely bound to the nucleus, the substance is a good conductor.
To understand why this is the correct answer, let's start by understanding the basic structure of an atom. Atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
In a substance, the outermost shell of electrons, known as the valence shell, plays a crucial role in determining its electrical conductivity. When the valence electrons are loosely bound to the nucleus, they are more easily free to move and carry an electric current. These substances are called conductors.
Conversely, when the valence electrons are tightly bound to the nucleus, they do not move easily and cannot carry an electric current. These substances are called insulators.
Therefore, the loosely bound valence electrons allow for the easy movement of electric charges, making a substance a good conductor of electricity.