What the rules of changing direct speech to reported speech

The rules for changing direct speech to reported speech include:

1. Changing the pronoun to reflect the person who is speaking.
2. Changing the verb tense to reflect the time of the reported speech.
3. Replacing direct speech quotation marks with reporting verbs.
4. Adding any words that are necessary to make the reported speech grammatically correct.
5. Replacing certain words with their synonyms.