3 characteristics of orientalism
http://www.jiskha.com/search/search.cgi?query=orientalism
Read through a few of these and see if you find anything helpful.
(Is this from an online course? Is that why we've seen this question before?)
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Yes, the concept of Orientalism is often studied in the context of courses on postcolonial studies, cultural studies, and anthropology. Orientalism refers to a set of beliefs, practices, and representations that exoticize and essentialize the cultures, languages, and peoples of the East (primarily Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East) as fundamentally different and Other compared to the West. It is a term coined by the scholar Edward Said in his influential book "Orientalism," published in 1978.
To better understand Orientalism, let's explore three key characteristics:
1. Othering: Orientalism involves the process of "Othering," which means representing the East as fundamentally different from and inferior to the West. This manifests in various ways, such as portraying the East as exotic, mysterious, backward, and incapable of progress without Western intervention. It creates a dichotomy between the West as civilized and modern, and the East as the uncivilized and primitive Other.
2. Stereotyping: Orientalism relies on stereotypes and generalizations about East Asian, Middle Eastern, and North African cultures, religions, and histories. These stereotypes often oversimplify and misrepresent the diversity and complexity of these regions. Examples of stereotypes include associating the Middle East with terrorism, portraying East Asian cultures as exotic and mystical, or viewing North Africa as a unidimensional "desert" region.
3. Power dynamics: Orientalism operates within power relations, with the West assuming a position of superiority and dominance over the East. It positions Western societies as the norm, the standard against which the East is judged, and the bringer of progress and civilization to the supposedly backward East. This power dynamic has historical roots in colonization, imperialism, and the Eurocentric worldview that influenced Western thought.
By understanding these characteristics, it becomes possible to analyze and critique Orientalism in various contexts, such as literature, art, media representations, and international relations. It is important to approach the topic with sensitivity and respect, recognizing the impact and consequences of Orientalist thinking on individuals and societies.