Why the risk of contracting malaria is high in parts of South America and Africa but limited in North America?

The risk of contracting malaria in North America is limited because the climate is not conducive to the spread of the disease. Malaria is spread by mosquitoes, and the mosquitoes that carry the disease thrive in warm, humid climates. North America is generally too cold and dry for these mosquitoes to survive, so the risk of contracting malaria is low. In contrast, parts of South America and Africa have climates that are more conducive to the spread of malaria, making the risk of contracting the disease much higher.