An earthquake occurs at a convergent boundary. The earthquake has a high magnitude, and an observer reports the earthquake having low intensity. Which statement about the earthquake is correct?
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To determine which statement about the earthquake is correct, we first need to understand the difference between magnitude and intensity in the context of earthquakes.
- Magnitude: This refers to the measure of the total energy released by an earthquake at its source. It is usually quantified using a logarithmic scale, such as the Richter scale or the moment magnitude scale (Mw). A high magnitude indicates that a significant amount of energy was released during the earthquake.
- Intensity: This refers to the subjective assessment of the effects of an earthquake at a particular location. Intensity is typically described on various scales, such as the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale, which ranges from I (not felt) to XII (total destruction). Intensity is determined by factors like shaking felt, damage caused, and human perception.
Now, coming back to the statement in question: "An earthquake occurs at a convergent boundary. The earthquake has a high magnitude and an observer reports the earthquake having low intensity."
Based on the given information, we have a high magnitude earthquake but low intensity reported by an observer. This scenario is possible when the earthquake occurs at a significant distance from the observer. The magnitude of an earthquake is independent of the observer's location, as it measures the absolute energy released at the earthquake's source. However, intensity is subjective and varies depending on the distance from the epicenter and local conditions.
Therefore, the correct statement about the earthquake would be: "The earthquake has a high magnitude, but the observer reports low intensity due to a significant distance from the epicenter."