The theory of plate tectonics explains the movement of Earth's lithospheric plates, which make up the Earth's outer shell. It states that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large and small plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them. These plates are in constant motion, either moving apart (diverging), moving towards each other (converging), or sliding past each other (transforming) at their boundaries. These plate interactions are responsible for various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, the formation of mountains, and the creation of ocean basins. Overall, the theory of plate tectonics provides an explanation for the dynamic nature of the Earth's surface and the processes that have shaped it over millions of years.
