Which of the following was the main method by which Islam spread to North Africa?
through the growth of universities
through Arab conquest
through Muslim pilgrims
through trade with South Asia
The main method by which Islam spread to North Africa was through Arab conquest. To arrive at this answer, we could eliminate options that are less closely associated with the spread of Islam to North Africa.
The growth of universities was not the primary method by which Islam spread to North Africa. While universities have played a role in the dissemination of knowledge and learning, they were not the driving force behind the spread of Islam to the region.
Trade with South Asia, although significant in connecting different regions and facilitating cultural exchanges, was not the primary method of Islam's expansion in North Africa. Trade routes allowed for the exchange of ideas, but they were not the primary driving factor in spreading the religion to this particular region.
Muslim pilgrims, also known as Hajj, were an important aspect of the spread of Islam. However, while pilgrims contributed to the spread of Islam throughout different parts of the world, they were not the main method by which Islam spread to North Africa.
Therefore, the most accurate answer is that Islam spread to North Africa primarily through Arab conquest. The Arab armies, led by Muslim rulers, expanded their territories and established Islam as the dominant religion in the regions they conquered.