a battery of e.m.f 12volts and internal resistance r=1•5 is connected to an external resistance of 3. calculate the current flowing in the circuit
To calculate the current flowing in the circuit, you can use Ohm's Law and apply Kirchhoff's laws.
Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a circuit is equal to the voltage divided by the total resistance. In this case, the total resistance is the sum of the external resistance and the internal resistance of the battery.
So, the equation for the current can be written as:
I = V / R
where I is the current, V is the voltage, and R is the total resistance.
In your case:
V = 12 volts (given)
External resistance, Rext = 3 ohms (given)
Internal resistance, Rint = 1.5 ohms (given)
To find the total resistance, you need to add the external resistance and the internal resistance:
R = Rext + Rint
Now you can substitute the values into the equation to find the current:
I = V / R
I = 12 volts / (Rext + Rint)
I = 12 volts / (3 ohms + 1.5 ohms)
I = 12 volts / 4.5 ohms
I = 2.67 amperes
So, the current flowing in the circuit is approximately 2.67 amperes.