1. Of all the minority groups in the United States, _____ are the worst off in terms on poverty, life expectancy, suicide, and alcoholism
D. Native Americans
2. When sociologists refer to “the culture within us,” they are referring to
B. the learned and shared ways of believing and doing that are part of our behavior
3. Isaac was raised in poverty and joined a gang at the age of 13. After being arrested for stealing from a convenience store, he decided he wanted to do better for himself. Isaac stopped skipping school and started studying. He graduated in the top 5% of his class and played basketball in college. He was drafted to play in the NBA after college. This is an example of
B. improving stratification levels.
4. In a school setting, which is the most powerful socializing force?
C. peer groups
5. In the month of December, many Jewish families celebrate Chanukah, also known as the Festival of Lights, during which special foods are served and families engage in ritual activity unique to their religious faith. In this context, members of the Jewish faith would represent a
C. subculture
6. Sociologically, all Detroit sports fans around the world would be called a(n)
D. category
7. It is important to be professional in the workplace. This is an example of
A. norm
8. A pluralistic society is one that
C. contains aspects of many cultures
9. Which of the following is not a primary reaction to deviance?
B. imprisonment
10. What type of urbanization model describes people and services moving away from the center of a city into the suburbs?
D. Peripheral Model
11. A _____ is characterized by intimate, long-term, face-to-face association and cooperation.
A. primary group
12. Of the following situations, which would be an example of authority?
C. a teacher requiring a research paper in his or her class
13. The division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative power, property, and prestige is called
A. social stratification
14. Sociologist _____ used the term stigma to refer to characteristics that discredit people.
D. Erving Goffman
15. Damian and his siblings are in the process of finding a retirement community for their father to live. Even though their father is healthy, they still want to find a place that will take care of him so they do not have to. In what country do Damian and his family most likely live?
B. United states
16. The class of Americans who pride themselves for having “real jobs” and feel that workers in suits are no more than paper pushers with no practical experience are the
A. working class
17. Long Island residents who depend upon Salvadoran laborers foe landscaping services but pass laws to prevent them from living in the same community are practicing
B. segregation
19. Symbolic interactionists believe that the social value of the elderly in America _____ when the economy shifted from being agricultural to industrial
B. decreased
20. When religion is so well integrated into the culture of a nation that it becomes difficult to tell where politics ends and religion begins, it is an organizational structure called _____, or state religion.
B. ecclesia
21. The life stage in the life course in which an individual begins to reorient his or her thinking from time since birth to time left to live is
C. the later middle years.
22. Sex is based on _____ characteristics that distinguish males from females, while gender refers to a(n) _____ characteristics.
B. biological; social
23. People who think alike on a particular issue and who can be mobized for political action defines a
A. special interest group
24. Language, beliefs, values, norms behaviors, and material objects combine together to make up
B. culture
25. According to _____, stratification can be explained by the necessity to motivate the most qualified people to fill the more important and demanding positions in a society.
C. Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore
To answer each question, I will provide the correct option and a brief explanation of how to arrive at that answer.
1. D. Native Americans: This question asks which minority group in the United States is the worst off in terms of poverty, life expectancy, suicide, and alcoholism. To answer this, you would need to have some knowledge of the socio-economic conditions of various minority groups in the United States, specifically in relation to the mentioned factors.
2. B. the learned and shared ways of believing and doing that are part of our behavior: To answer this question, you need to understand the concept of culture within the context of sociology. "Culture within us" refers to the values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices that we learn and share as members of a society.
3. B. improving stratification levels: This question describes Isaac's journey from poverty and involvement in a gang to achieving success in academics and sports. The answer refers to his ability to improve his social position within the hierarchy of society or social stratification.
4. C. peer groups: This question asks about the most powerful socializing force in a school setting. Peer groups, which consist of individuals of similar age and social status, have a significant influence on the socialization process during adolescence.
5. C. subculture: This question asks how the Jewish families celebrating Chanukah represent a cultural group. By engaging in unique religious practices and rituals, they form a subculture within the larger society.
6. D. category: This question asks how to sociologically label all Detroit sports fans around the world. "Category" refers to a number of people who have similar characteristics but may not interact, which applies to Detroit sports fans worldwide.
7. A. norm: This question asks for an example of being professional in the workplace, which refers to a societal norm or expectation of behavior in a specific context.
8. C. contains aspects of many cultures: This question asks to define a pluralistic society. Pluralism refers to a society in which different cultural groups coexist, maintaining their unique characteristics without assimilation.
9. B. imprisonment: This question asks about primary reactions to deviance. Imprisonment is not considered a primary reaction but rather a secondary reaction or a form of punishment enacted by society.
10. D. Peripheral Model: This question asks about the urbanization model that describes the movement of people and services from the city center to the suburbs. The Peripheral Model describes this pattern of urban development.
11. A. primary group: This question describes the characteristics of an intimate, long-term, face-to-face association and cooperation. A primary group is characterized by such close personal relationships.
12. C. a teacher requiring a research paper in his or her class: This question asks for an example of authority. In this scenario, a teacher establishes a requirement, showing a position of authority as an instructor.
13. A. social stratification: This question asks for the term used to describe the division of people into layers based on power, property, and prestige. The answer is social stratification.
14. D. Erving Goffman: This question asks who used the term "stigma" to refer to characteristics that discredit people. The correct answer is Erving Goffman, a sociologist known for his work on impression management and stigmatization.
15. B. United States: This question refers to Damian and his family looking for a retirement community that will provide care for their father. The United States is mentioned as a country where this practice is common.
16. A. working class: This question describes a class of Americans who value practical, hands-on work and view white-collar workers as lacking practical experience. This aligns with the characteristics of the working class.
17. B. segregation: This question describes Long Island residents who depend on Salvadoran laborers for landscaping services but pass laws to prevent them from living in the same community. This practice is an example of segregation, the act of separating groups of people based on certain characteristics.
19. B. decreased: This question refers to the social value of the elderly in America when the economy shifted from agriculture to industry. Symbolic interactionists believe that the social value of the elderly decreased in such a transition.
20. B. ecclesia: This question asks about the term used to describe an organizational structure where religion is integrated into the culture to the extent that it becomes difficult to distinguish politics from religion. The correct answer is ecclesia.
21. C. the later middle years: This question asks about the life stage in the life course where individuals begin reassessing their time left to live. The later middle years typically involve a shift in thinking about time.
22. B. biological; social: This question asks about the distinction between sex and gender. Sex refers to biological characteristics distinguishing males from females, while gender pertains to social and cultural characteristics associated with masculinity and femininity.
23. A. special interest group: This question asks for the definition of a group of people who think alike on a particular issue and can be mobilized for political action. A special interest group aligns with this description.
24. B. culture: This question asks what components combine to make up language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects. The answer is culture.
25. C. Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore: This question asks who proposed an explanation for social stratification based on the need to fill important positions in society with the most qualified individuals. Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore are the sociologists associated with the theory of functionalist stratification.