i dont really ask questions that much but im very confused. there isnt a list of words for this either btw
Fill in the blanks:
1.) So even though liquid and solid water at 0 degrees C both have the same _______, they may have different thermal energy levels because the temperature doesn’t account for the _________ _________ that thermal energy includes.
2.) Liquid water has greater________ energy as the molecules can move more freely away from one another (increasing their _______________ potential energy)
3.) When heat is added to an object, the particles of the object take in the energy as __________ energy until reaching a ___________ state.
4.) While in the ___________ state, the particles will no longer gain kinetic energy and ___________ energy begins to increase, causing the particles to move away from one another.
1.) So even though liquid and solid water at 0 degrees C both have the same temperature, they may have different thermal energy levels because the temperature doesn't account for the internal energy that thermal energy includes.
To understand this concept, we need to know the definitions of temperature and thermal energy. Temperature refers to the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. On the other hand, thermal energy encompasses the total internal energy of a substance, which includes both the kinetic and potential energy of its particles.
The difference in thermal energy levels between liquid and solid water at 0 degrees C can be explained by the fact that the arrangement of particles is different in each state. In the solid state, the particles are closely packed together and have limited freedom to move, resulting in a lower thermal energy level. In the liquid state, the particles have more freedom of movement and can move away from one another, increasing their thermal energy level.
2.) Liquid water has greater potential energy as the molecules can move more freely away from one another (increasing their potential energy)
In a liquid state, the water molecules have greater potential energy compared to a solid state because the molecules can move more freely away from each other. This increased freedom of movement allows the water molecules to have a higher potential energy.
Potential energy refers to the stored energy of an object due to its position or configuration. In the case of liquid water, the molecules can move around and occupy different positions relative to each other, which results in increased potential energy.
3.) When heat is added to an object, the particles of the object take in the energy as thermal energy until reaching a higher energy state.
To understand this statement, we need to understand that heat is a form of energy transfer. When heat is added to an object, its particles absorb this energy and their thermal energy increases.
As the particles of the object absorb the heat energy, their kinetic energy (related to their motion) increases. This increase in kinetic energy causes the particles to move faster and, as a result, the overall thermal energy of the object increases.
The process of adding heat to an object continues until the object reaches a higher energy state, which could be a higher temperature or a change in state (such as melting or boiling) depending on the substance involved.
4.) While in the liquid state, the particles will no longer gain kinetic energy, and potential energy begins to increase, causing the particles to move away from one another.
When a substance is in its liquid state and heat is continuously added, there comes a point where the temperature stays constant even though heat is still being absorbed. This is known as the phase transition or the change of state. In the case of liquid water, this transition occurs at its boiling point, which is 100 degrees Celsius at standard atmospheric pressure.
During this phase transition, the added heat energy is not used to increase the kinetic energy of the particles (temperature), but rather to break the intermolecular forces holding the liquid together. As a result, the potential energy of the particles increases, and they start moving away from each other, transitioning into the gas state.
This phase transition from liquid to gas occurs because the increased potential energy overcomes the forces of attraction between the water molecules, allowing them to escape and become a gas.