A student carried out the reaction shown by reacting 10.0g P4 with excess Cl2 and obtained 35.0g of PCl3. P4 + 6Cl2 4PCl3
a. What is the theoretical yield of PCl3?
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To find the theoretical yield of PCl3, we need to determine the maximum amount of PCl3 that can be produced based on the given reaction and the limiting reactant.
The balanced chemical equation shows that 1 mole of P4 reacts with 6 moles of Cl2 to produce 4 moles of PCl3.
First, calculate the moles of P4:
Molar mass of P4 = 4 * atomic mass of P (30.97 g/mol) = 123.88 g/mol
Moles of P4 = Mass of P4 / Molar mass of P4
= 10.0 g / 123.88 g/mol
≈ 0.0806 mol
Since 1 mole of P4 forms 4 moles of PCl3, the moles of PCl3 produced will be:
Moles of PCl3 = Moles of P4 * (4 moles PCl3 / 1 mole P4)
= 0.0806 mol * (4 / 1)
= 0.3224 mol
Now, calculate the theoretical yield of PCl3:
Theoretical yield of PCl3 = Moles of PCl3 * Molar mass of PCl3
= 0.3224 mol * (30.97 g/mol + 3 * 35.45 g/mol)
≈ 34.6 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of PCl3 is approximately 34.6 grams.