Place the events in early South American history in correct chronological. Place the earliest event at the top and the last event at the bottom
What events?
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To place the events in early South American history in chronological order, we need to evaluate the historical context and the sequence of events. Here is one possible chronological order:
1. Arrival of the first humans: The earliest event in South American history is believed to be the arrival of the first humans in the region. These early settlers are thought to have migrated from the north, potentially crossing over the Bering Strait into present-day Alaska around 15,000-20,000 years ago. Over time, they dispersed and populated South America.
2. Development of Ancient Andean civilizations: Around 3000 BCE, civilizations began to emerge in the South American Andes region. Notable civilizations include the Norte Chico civilization in present-day Peru, known for its advanced urban settlements, and the subsequent rise of the Chavín, Moche, and Nazca cultures.
3. Rise of the Inca Empire: By the late 15th century, the Inca Empire had risen to prominence, expanding its territory through military conquest and political alliances. Led by rulers like Pachacuti and Huayna Capac, the Inca Empire reached its zenith and became the largest empire in pre-Columbian America.
4. Arrival of European explorers: In 1492, Christopher Columbus reached the Americas. However, the impact of European contact on South America was initially limited. It was not until the early 16th century that significant European exploration and colonization efforts began, with figures like Vasco Núñez de Balboa and Francisco Pizarro exploring and conquering parts of South America.
5. Spanish colonization and the encomienda system: Following the conquests of Pizarro, the Spanish established colonies and implemented the encomienda system, which granted land and Indigenous labor to Spanish settlers. This period marked a significant shift in South American history, as the Spanish influence permeated all aspects of society.
It is important to note that this is a simplified overview, and there are many other events and civilizations that emerged and affected South American history during this time.