Daniel and Aleks were combusting butane in lighters...How much Carbon Dioxide did they produce from 10.0g of butane and 30.0g of Oxygen?
2 C4H10 (g) + 13 O2 (g) ----> 8 CO2 (g) + 10 H2) (g)
To determine the amount of carbon dioxide produced from the combustion of butane and oxygen, we can use stoichiometry and the given balanced equation.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles for each reactant.
1. Butane (C4H10)
We are given the mass of butane as 10.0g. To convert the mass to moles, we need to know the molar mass of butane.
The molar mass of C4H10 can be calculated as follows:
(4 * atomic mass of carbon) + (10 * atomic mass of hydrogen)
Using the periodic table, we find that:
Atomic mass of carbon = 12.01 g/mol
Atomic mass of hydrogen = 1.01 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of C4H10 is (4 * 12.01) + (10 * 1.01) = 58.12 g/mol
To calculate the moles of butane, we use the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 10.0g / 58.12 g/mol ≈ 0.17 mol
2. Oxygen (O2)
We are given the mass of oxygen as 30.0g. To convert the mass to moles, we need to know the molar mass of oxygen.
The molar mass of O2 is 32.00 g/mol (16.00 g/mol multiplied by 2 since O2 consists of two oxygen atoms).
To calculate the moles of oxygen, we use the same formula as before:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 30.0g / 32.00 g/mol ≈ 0.94 mol
Now, we can determine the amount of carbon dioxide produced by comparing the coefficients in the balanced equation.
From the balanced equation, we know that 2 moles of butane (C4H10) produce 8 moles of carbon dioxide (CO2).
The moles of butane (C4H10) we calculated earlier is 0.17 mol.
Therefore, the moles of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced can be calculated using the ratio:
moles of CO2 = (moles of butane (C4H10) * 8) / 2
moles of CO2 = (0.17 mol * 8) / 2 ≈ 0.68 mol
Finally, we need to convert the moles of carbon dioxide (CO2) to grams. We can use the molar mass of carbon dioxide, which is 44.01 g/mol, to do this.
mass of CO2 = moles of CO2 * molar mass of CO2
mass of CO2 = 0.68 mol * 44.01 g/mol ≈ 29.92 g
Therefore, from 10.0g of butane and 30.0g of oxygen, Daniel and Aleks produced approximately 29.92 grams of carbon dioxide.