. Locate the Sun on the HR Diagram. The best way to describe the Sun in comparison to other stars would be * 1
point brighter than most stars.
average brightness compared to most stars.
dimmer than most stars.
2. Sirius B was an important star in ancient Egypt and was used to warn for floods on the Nile River. Is Sirius B brighter or dimmer than the Sun? * 1 point Brighter Dimmer 3.
Betelgeuse is a red,
the giant star that guided caravans across the deserts of Arabia in the coolness of night.
Betelgeuse is considered a _________. * 1 point hot star. cooler star. 4. A white dwarf star has a surface temperature of about _______ degrees Celsius. * 1 point 3,000 5,000 to 10,000 20,000 to 50,000 5. Magnitude means brightness. Absolute magnitude tells us how bright a star is. What is the brightness of a blue star in the upper left corner of your H-R Diagram? * 1 point 20 to 15 10 to 5 0 to -5 -15 to -20 6. What is the brightness of a red star in the lower right corner? * 1 point 20 to 15 10 to 5 0 to -5 -15 to -20 7. What is the brightness of the Sun, a yellow star? * 1 point - 20 -10 5 15 8. The super giant stars in the upper right corner are very bright. Their brightness is ________. * 1 point 20 to 15 10 to 5 0 to -5 -10 to -20 9. A bright star will have a negative number for its absolute magnitude (brightness). * 1 point True False 10. The apparent magnitude of stars is how bright they look to us. We are on the earth looking up into space. Which would look brighter? * 1 point Small Star Big Star 11. Which would look brighter? * 1 point Close Star Far Away Star 12. Stars that are not very hot (cooler) but very bright are called ________. * 1 point Giants Dwarfs 13. Stars that are very hot, but not very bright are called ________. * 1 point Giants Dwarfs 14.Giants and dwarfs are believed to be _________ stars. * 1 point old young 15. What size star is the Sun? * 1 point White Dwarf Medium Main Sequence Giant Supergiant 16. With the use of the Hubble Space Telescope, scientists recently discovered a giant runaway star. It is 90 times larger than the sun and is very hot and blue-white in color. Why does the sun appear to be brighter than this runaway star when viewed from Earth? * 1 point The sun is a different color than the runaway star. The sun is older than the runaway star. The sun is closer to Earth than the runaway star. The sun is made of different elements than the runaway star. 17. The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram below shows how the Sun is classified among the stars. A star that is several thousand times brighter than the sun with a temperature lower than 4,000 K would be classified as * 1 point a main-sequence star in spectral class B a supergiant in spectral class K a main-sequence star in spectral class K or M a white dwarf in spectral class B 18. Two stars are identified on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Based on the diagram below, how do the characteristics of Star 1 and Star 2 compare? * 1 point Star 1 is cooler and less bright than Star 2. Star 1 is hotter and brighter than Star 2. Star 1 is cooler and brighter than Star 2. Star 1 is hotter and less bright than Star 2. 19. A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is shown below. Based on this diagram, which type of stars would belong to spectral class M and have the highest luminosity? * 1 point White dwarfs Main-sequence stars Giants Supergiants 20. Barnard’s Star is about 5.9 light-years from the sun. The star has an approximate temperature of 2,800 K. Based on the diagram below, what spectral class does Barnard’s Star belong to? * 1 point Spectral class O Spectral class B Spectral class A Spectral class M
To answer these questions about the HR Diagram and star characteristics, we need to understand the HR Diagram and the various classifications of stars. The HR Diagram is a graph that plots the temperature (or spectral type) of stars against their luminosity (or brightness). The classifications of stars include main sequence, giants, dwarfs, supergiants, and white dwarfs, among others.
Now let's go through each question one by one:
1. To locate the Sun on the HR Diagram, we need to find where a yellow star would be. The Sun is an average star compared to others, so the best way to describe it would be "average brightness compared to most stars."
2. Sirius B is a white dwarf star, which is the remnants of a dead star. White dwarfs are generally dimmer than normal stars, so Sirius B is "dimmer than the Sun."
3. Betelgeuse is described as a red giant star. Red giants are cooler stars compared to others, so Betelgeuse is a "cooler star."
4. A white dwarf star has a surface temperature of about 20,000 to 50,000 degrees Celsius.
5. Magnitude measures the brightness of a star. The absolute magnitude tells us how bright a star would appear if it were located at a standard distance of 10 parsecs. The brightness of a blue star in the upper left corner of the HR Diagram would typically be in the range of 0 to -5 magnitude.
6. The brightness of a red star in the lower right corner of the HR Diagram would typically be in the range of 10 to 5 magnitude.
7. The Sun, being a yellow star, has a brightness of around 5 magnitude.
8. The supergiant stars in the upper right corner of the HR Diagram are known for being very bright. Their brightness typically ranges from 0 to -5 magnitude.
9. A bright star will have a negative number for its absolute magnitude.
10. The apparent magnitude of stars is how bright they appear to us from Earth. In general, bigger stars tend to appear brighter, so a "big star" would look brighter.
11. A "close star" would look brighter compared to a "far away star."
12. Stars that are not very hot (cooler) but very bright are called "giants."
13. Stars that are very hot but not very bright are called "dwarfs."
14. Giants and dwarfs are believed to be "old stars."
15. The Sun is classified as a "medium-sized" star.
16. The sun appears brighter than the giant runaway star because "the sun is closer to Earth than the runaway star."
17. Based on the given information, a star that is several thousand times brighter than the Sun with a temperature lower than 4,000 K would be classified as "a supergiant in spectral class K."
18. Based on the given diagram, Star 1 is hotter and less bright than Star 2.
19. Based on the given diagram, stars that belong to spectral class M would be "giants" and have the highest luminosity.
20. Based on the given information, Barnard's Star belongs to "spectral class M."
I hope these explanations help you understand the HR Diagram and the various classifications of stars.