1. What are biotic factors? List 3 examples.
2. What are abiotic factors? List 3 examples.
3. What are carbon offsets?
4. How can removing one level of a food chain affect the rest of the chain? 5. Describe the savanna or grassland biome.
6. What is continental drift?
7. How do consumers (heterotrophs) and producers (autotrophs) and decomposers differ?
8. How do herbivores, carnivores and omnivores differ?
9. What is an adaptation?
10.What do arrows on a food chain represent?
11.What is a habitat?
12. Give order of the water cycle.
13.What is runoff?
14.What’s the difference between a community and population? 15.How do you reduce global warming?
16.Explain hydrosphere?
17.Describe how matter moves through the biosphere. 18.What is a decomposer?
19.What is an invasive species?
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1. Biotic factors are living factors that influence an ecosystem. Examples include plants, animals, and fungi.
2. Abiotic factors are non-living factors that influence an ecosystem. Examples include temperature, sunlight, and soil composition.
3. Carbon offsets are mechanisms used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to compensate for emissions produced elsewhere. It involves investing in projects that help capture or reduce carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, such as renewable energy projects or reforestation efforts.
4. Removing one level of a food chain can disrupt the balance in the rest of the chain. For example, if a predator at the top of the food chain is eliminated, the population of its prey may explode, leading to overconsumption of the next lower level of organisms. This can have cascading effects throughout the entire food chain.
5. The savanna or grassland biome is characterized by vast stretches of grasses with scattered trees and shrubs. It typically has a seasonal climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. Grasslands are home to a variety of herbivores, such as zebras and wildebeests, as well as predators, such as lions and cheetahs.
6. Continental drift is the theory that the Earth's continents were once joined together in a single landmass called Pangaea, which has since broken apart and drifted to their current positions.
7. Consumers, or heterotrophs, are organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms. Producers, or autotrophs, are organisms that can produce their own energy through photosynthesis. Decomposers help break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
8. Herbivores are animals that eat only plants, carnivores are animals that eat only other animals, and omnivores are animals that eat both plants and animals.
9. An adaptation is a characteristic or trait that helps an organism survive in its environment. It can be a physical feature, a behavior, or a physiological process.
10. Arrows on a food chain represent the flow of energy and matter from one organism to another. The arrow points from the organism being eaten (prey) to the organism doing the eating (predator).
11. A habitat is the natural environment or home of an organism, providing the necessary resources and conditions for its survival and reproduction.
12. The order of the water cycle is evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection.
13. Runoff refers to the movement of water, usually due to rainfall, across the surface of the land and into bodies of water like rivers, lakes, and oceans.
14. A community is a group of different populations of organisms living together in the same area and interacting with each other. A population, on the other hand, refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area.
15. To reduce global warming, one can take actions such as reducing the use of fossil fuels by using renewable energy sources, conserving energy, promoting energy efficiency, adopting sustainable agricultural practices, and supporting reforestation efforts.
16. The hydrosphere refers to all the water on, above, and below the Earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and atmospheric water vapor.
17. Matter moves through the biosphere via biogeochemical cycles. These cycles involve the cycling of elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus between the living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's systems. Organisms obtain and release these elements through processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.
18. A decomposer is an organism, typically bacteria or fungi, that breaks down dead organic matter into simpler substances and helps recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
19. An invasive species is a non-native species that has been introduced into an ecosystem and has the potential to cause harm to the environment, economy, or human health. They often spread rapidly and outcompete native species for resources.
1. Biotic factors are living components of an ecosystem. They include plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other organisms. Three examples of biotic factors are:
a) Trees: They provide shade, produce oxygen, and serve as habitats for animals.
b) Birds: They pollinate flowers, disperse seeds, and control insect populations.
c) Earthworms: They decompose organic matter, improve soil fertility, and aerate the soil.
To study biotic factors, you can observe and identify different organisms present in an ecosystem, research their characteristics and behaviors, and analyze their interactions with other organisms.
2. Abiotic factors are non-living components of an ecosystem. They include physical and chemical factors that influence the environment. Three examples of abiotic factors are:
a) Temperature: It affects the metabolism of organisms and their ability to survive.
b) Soil composition: It determines nutrient availability and affects plant growth.
c) Sunlight: It provides energy for photosynthesis and influences the distribution of organisms.
To study abiotic factors, you can collect data on temperature, soil composition, sunlight intensity, pH levels, etc., using appropriate tools and equipment. You can also investigate their impact on the organisms in the ecosystem.
3. Carbon offsets are measures taken to compensate for greenhouse gas emissions, usually done to counteract the negative effects of activities that contribute to climate change. They are achieved through projects that reduce or remove emissions from the atmosphere. Examples of carbon offset projects include tree planting, renewable energy initiatives, and methane capture from landfills.
To understand carbon offsets further, you can research specific projects and initiatives that are recognized for their carbon offsetting efforts. You can also explore the concept of carbon footprint and how individuals and organizations can calculate and reduce their own emissions.
4. Removing one level of a food chain can have cascading effects on the rest of the chain. For example, if a top predator is removed, the population of its prey may increase unchecked, leading to overconsumption of a lower trophic level, which can cause a decline in their population. This ripple effect can destabilize the entire food chain, ultimately impacting the abundance and diversity of other organisms within the ecosystem.
To study the effects of removing one level of a food chain, you can research specific examples, such as the reintroduction or removal of a predator in a particular ecosystem, and examine how it affected the populations of other organisms in the food chain.
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