Read the passage from “Rivers and Stories,” Part 2.

The dam captured the flow of nutrient-rich silt that created Egyptian civilization so that it was no longer deposited downstream and made farmers dependent on chemical fertilizers.

Why does the author include the phrase “dependent on chemical fertilizers”?

Rivers and Stories, Part 2

It implies that the farmers had become more knowledgeable about using chemical fertilizers.
It implies that natural nutrients are beneficial and that chemical fertilizers have been harmful.
It implies that nature and technology can work together.
It implies that the farmers had not developed effective technologies.

It implies that natural nutrients are beneficial and that chemical fertilizers have been harmful.

What is an antonym of superficial?

The author includes the phrase "dependent on chemical fertilizers" to imply that natural nutrients, which were previously provided by the nutrient-rich silt carried by the river, are beneficial, whereas the reliance on chemical fertilizers has been harmful. In other words, the phrase emphasizes the negative consequences of no longer having access to the river's nutrient-rich silt and relying solely on artificial means to provide necessary nutrients for farming.

I'll be happy to check your answer.

It implies that the farmers had not developed effective technologies.