In the 1950's the south's opposition to the court-ordered desegregation became known as "Massive Resistance." Governor Marvin Griffin urged state lawmakers to declare desegregation null and void in the state of Georgia. On what grounds did the Georgia legislature maintain desegregated schools through 1961?
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The Georgia legislature maintained desegregated schools through 1961 based on the grounds of "interposition." Interposition was a legal doctrine that asserted that a state had the right to interpose itself between the federal government and its citizens to protect them from federal laws or actions that the state deemed unconstitutional. It was essentially a way for states to resist and nullify federal laws they disagreed with.
To understand how the Georgia legislature maintained desegregated schools through 1961, we need to go through the following steps:
Step 1: Research interposition
Interposition was a doctrine that gained popularity in the late 1950s and early 1960s as a response to the federal government's efforts to enforce desegregation. By researching interposition, you can understand the rationale behind Georgia's actions.
Step 2: Look for relevant historical documents and legislation
To gain insight into the specific grounds on which the Georgia legislature maintained desegregated schools through 1961, look for relevant historical documents such as legislative bills, resolutions, or public statements made by key figures like Governor Marvin Griffin. These documents should provide information about the legal and constitutional arguments used to support interposition.
Step 3: Analyze the legal arguments made by Georgia
Examine the legal arguments put forth by the Georgia legislature and Governor Marvin Griffin. They likely claimed that desegregation violated the Tenth Amendment, which reserves powers not delegated to the federal government to the states, including the power to regulate education. They might have argued that the federal government was overstepping its authority and that desegregation should be a decision made at the state level.
Step 4: Examine relevant court cases
Explore any court cases that emerged during this period related to desegregation efforts and interposition in Georgia. The legal justifications and outcomes of these cases can provide additional insights into how Georgia's arguments were perceived and addressed by the judicial system.
By following these steps, you should be able to gain a comprehensive understanding of the grounds on which the Georgia legislature maintained desegregated schools through 1961 based on the doctrine of interposition.