28) What were three contributing factors to the Great Depression?
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29) Explain three facts concerning the U.S. government's treatment of Japanese Americans following the attacks on Pearl Harbor.
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30) Describe three key figures and/or events that led to the passing of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964.
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Three factors contributing to the great depression are-
Banking panics and monetary contraction
The gold standard
The stock market crash of 1920
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h t t p s ://www.britannica.com/story/causes-of-the-great-depression
28) Three contributing factors to the Great Depression were:
1) Stock Market Crash of 1929: The crash occurred in October 1929, leading to a major decline in stock prices and widespread panic. The crash wiped out billions of dollars in investor wealth, triggering a wave of bank failures and economic instability.
2) Overproduction and Underconsumption: During the 1920s, there was a surge in production due to technological advancements and increased industrial capacity. However, consumers could not keep up with the production levels, leading to a surplus of goods and a sharp decline in prices.
3) Bank Failures and Monetary Policy: The banking system was not well regulated, and many banks had engaged in reckless practices like speculative investments and lending. When the stock market crashed and people started losing money, many rushed to withdraw their savings, causing widespread bank failures. The Federal Reserve also tightened monetary policy, further exacerbating the economic downturn by reducing the money supply.
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29) Three facts concerning the U.S. government's treatment of Japanese Americans following the attacks on Pearl Harbor were:
1) Internment Camps: Shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which authorized the forced relocation and internment of Japanese Americans along the West Coast. Over 120,000 individuals, including American citizens and permanent residents, were forcibly removed from their homes and sent to camps in remote areas.
2) Loss of Property and Civil Liberties: Japanese Americans were forced to sell or abandon their homes, businesses, and property before being relocated to internment camps. Their civil liberties, including the right to due process, were violated as they were detained without any evidence of wrongdoing.
3) Korematsu v. United States: In 1944, the Supreme Court case of Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of Japanese American internment. The court ruled that the exclusion orders were justified due to the military necessity of national security during wartime. However, the decision has since been widely criticized as a violation of civil liberties and racial discrimination.
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30) Three key figures and/or events that led to the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 were:
1) Martin Luther King Jr.: As a prominent civil rights leader, Martin Luther King Jr. played a crucial role in advocating for equal rights and challenging segregation. His leadership in organizing protests and speeches, including the famous "I Have a Dream" speech, helped raise awareness and mobilize public opinion in support of civil rights reform.
2) Civil Rights Movement: The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, which included various organizations and activists, fought against racial discrimination and segregation. Nonviolent protests, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Freedom Rides, and sit-ins, drew national attention to the injustices faced by African Americans and pushed for legislative change.
3) March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: One of the most significant events in the civil rights movement was the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom held in August 1963. Over 250,000 people gathered in Washington D.C., where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. The march put pressure on the government to pass comprehensive civil rights legislation and helped galvanize public support for such reforms.
These are just a few of the many factors and events that contributed to the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
28) The Great Depression was a severe economic downturn that lasted from 1929 to the late 1930s. Three contributing factors to the Great Depression were:
1. Stock Market Crash of 1929: The Great Depression was triggered by the stock market crash, also known as Black Tuesday, on October 29, 1929. The stock market experienced a sharp decline in prices, causing mass selling of stocks and leading to significant financial losses for investors.
To understand how the crash happened, you can look into historical records and articles that describe the events leading to the crash. You can also study economic theories like the bubble theory or examine the factors leading to excessive speculation in stocks at the time.
2. Overproduction and Underconsumption: During the Roaring Twenties, there was a period of overproduction in industries such as agriculture, manufacturing, and construction. However, demand for these products did not keep up with the increased supply, leading to decreased prices and profits. This imbalance between production and consumption further worsened the economic situation.
To understand this factor, you can research economic data from the time, such as production figures, consumption patterns, and inventories. Analyzing historical economic theories can provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between overproduction and underconsumption.
3. Banking Crisis and Bank Failures: A series of bank failures occurred during the early years of the Great Depression, contributing to the economic collapse. As people started losing confidence in the banking system, they rushed to withdraw their deposits, causing banks to face a liquidity crisis. The lack of regulation and safeguards further exacerbated the situation.
To explore this factor, you can study historical documents, banking data, and reports on the banking system during that period. Understanding economic mechanisms such as the fractional reserve system and the role of confidence in banking can provide insights into the banking crisis during the Great Depression.
29) The U.S. government's treatment of Japanese Americans following the attacks on Pearl Harbor was marked by discriminatory policies and the forced internment of Japanese Americans. Here are three relevant facts:
1. Executive Order 9066: After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which authorized the forced removal and internment of over 120,000 Japanese Americans living on the West Coast of the United States. This order was justified as a "military necessity" to prevent potential espionage and sabotage.
To understand this fact, you can study historical documents related to Executive Order 9066, such as the order itself, speeches by President Roosevelt, and government reports on the internment camps. Reading first-hand accounts and testimonies from Japanese Americans who were interned will provide further insights.
2. Internment Camps: Japanese Americans were forcibly relocated to internment camps, often in remote and desolate areas, where they were confined until the end of World War II. These camps were overcrowded and lacked proper facilities, leading to difficult living conditions for the detainees. Families were separated and lost their homes, businesses, and possessions.
To learn more about the internment camps, you can explore photography and documentaries from that time, as well as testimonies from former detainees. Historical records from the National Archives and academic research on the subject will also provide valuable information.
3. Korematsu v. United States: In 1944, the U.S. Supreme Court case Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of Japanese internment. Despite arguments that the internment violated the constitutional rights of Japanese Americans, the Court ruled that the need to protect against espionage justified the government's actions.
To understand this fact, you can study the details of the Korematsu case, including legal documents, court opinions, and dissenting opinions. Exploring the historical context of the case and the subsequent reflections on its implications will provide a comprehensive understanding.
30) The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark piece of legislation that aimed to end racial discrimination and segregation in the United States. Three key figures and/or events that led to its passing are:
1. Civil Rights Movement: The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s was a significant social and political movement that fought for equal rights for African Americans. Led by figures like Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and numerous grassroots activists, the movement gained nationwide attention through nonviolent protests, marches, and acts of civil disobedience.
To understand the impact of the Civil Rights Movement, you can study biographies of key leaders, speeches, photographs, and primary source materials from the time. Analyzing historical events such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the March on Washington, and the Selma to Montgomery marches will provide insights into the activism that pushed for civil rights legislation.
2. Congressional Action: In response to the momentum generated by the Civil Rights Movement, President John F. Kennedy proposed a comprehensive civil rights bill to Congress in 1963. Following his assassination, President Lyndon B. Johnson prioritized the bill and used his political influence to garner support.
To explore this aspect, you can study historical records, including presidential speeches, legislative drafts, and debates in Congress. Analyzing the role of key congressional leaders, committee hearings, and lobbying efforts will provide a deeper understanding of the legislative process.
3. Public Opinion and Media Coverage: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 received significant attention from the media, both nationally and internationally. News coverage of events such as the Birmingham campaign, the March on Washington, and the violent response to peaceful protests helped raise public awareness of the injustice and inequality faced by African Americans.
To grasp the significance of public opinion and media coverage, you can analyze newspaper articles, photographs, television footage, and documentaries from that period. Studying public opinion polls, understanding the role of media in shaping public sentiment, and examining the portrayal of civil rights leaders in popular culture will offer valuable insights into the context of the Civil Rights Act's passage.
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