Which of the following is mismatched?
a. C4 plants - expand ATP to concentrate CO2 in bundle sheath cells to avoid photorespiration
b. PGA - is a 3 carbon compound
c. Heterocyts - carry out nitrogen fixation
d. CAM plants - open their stomata during the day and close them at night to aviod photorespiration
To determine which of the following options is mismatched, we need to examine each option and determine if the statement is accurate or if there is an error in the pairing.
a. C4 plants - This statement is accurate. C4 plants have a specialized pathway that allows them to concentrate CO2 in bundle sheath cells, which helps them avoid photorespiration. This is achieved by expanding ATP.
b. PGA - This statement is accurate. PGA refers to phosphoglycerate, which is indeed a 3 carbon compound. This molecule is produced during the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis.
c. Heterocysts - This statement is accurate. Heterocysts are specialized cells found in certain species of cyanobacteria. One of their functions is to carry out nitrogen fixation, which involves converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into a form that can be utilized by the organism.
d. CAM plants - This statement is inaccurate. CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) plants typically open their stomata at night to take in CO2 and convert it into organic acids. During the day, these plants keep their stomata closed to minimize water loss and prevent photorespiration, not to avoid it. The correct statement would be: CAM plants open their stomata at night and close them during the day.
Therefore, the mismatched statement is d. CAM plants - open their stomata during the day and close them at night to avoid photorespiration.