6. Which of the following happens to the temperature of gases as they reach the top of the sun's convection zone?
a. it increases
b. it decreases***
c. it does not change
d. there is no way to tell what happens
7. Which of the following does a star's absolute brightness depend on?
a.distance and temperature
b. size and temperature
c. color and temperature
d. distance and color
yes, on the first, it decreases. Some of the energy is converted to light, so the gas cools.
size and temp.
6. b. it decreases.
As gases reach the top of the sun's convection zone, the temperature generally decreases. This is because the circulating gases transfer heat from the hotter interior region of the Sun to the cooler outer layers.
7. b. size and temperature.
A star's absolute brightness depends on its size and temperature. The size of a star determines its surface area, which affects the total amount of energy it emits. The temperature of a star influences the intensity of that emitted energy. Therefore, both size and temperature play a role in determining a star's absolute brightness.
To answer question 6, we need to understand the characteristics of the sun's convection zone. The convection zone is the outermost layer of the sun's interior, where hot gas rises and cooler gas sinks, creating a continual flow of energy.
As hot gases rise towards the top of the convection zone, they gradually cool down, exchanging their thermal energy with the surrounding gases. Therefore, the temperature of gases decreases as they reach the top of the sun's convection zone.
Hence, the correct answer is b. it decreases.
Moving on to question 7, a star's absolute brightness is a measure of its intrinsic luminosity. It describes the star's actual brightness as if it were placed at a standard distance from Earth.
The absolute brightness of a star depends on two factors: distance and temperature.
a. Distance: The farther a star is from Earth, the dimmer it appears. The inverse square law states that the brightness of an object decreases as the square of the distance increases. So, if a star is moved to a greater distance, its brightness will decrease.
b. Temperature: A star's temperature determines the amount and type of energy it emits. Hotter stars emit more energy and appear brighter than cooler stars.
Hence, the correct answer is a. distance and temperature.