Please help I have no idea how to do this.
There are three different dichloroethylenes (molecular formulaC2H2Cl2), which we can designate X, Y, and Z.
Compound X has no dipole moment, but compound Z does.
Compounds X and Z each combine with hydrogen to give the same product:
C2H2Cl2 (X or Z) + H2 → ClCH2single bondCH2Cl.
What are the structures of X, Y, and Z? (Draw complete Lewis structures. Assign lone pairs, radical electrons, and atomic charges where appropriate.)
See your other post below.
To determine the structures of compounds X, Y, and Z, we need to analyze the information provided. Let's go step by step:
1. Start by determining the number of valence electrons for each atom in the molecule. Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons, Hydrogen (H) has 1, and Chlorine (Cl) has 7.
- Since we have two Chlorine atoms and two Hydrogen atoms per molecule, the total number of valence electrons for C2H2Cl2 is:
(2 * 4) + (2 * 1) + (2 * 7) = 2(4 + 1 + 7) = 2 * 12 = 24 valence electrons.
2. Now, we will draw the Lewis structures for X, Y, and Z, based on the given information:
a. Compound X has no dipole moment.
- In order for a molecule to have no dipole moment, the bond dipoles must cancel each other out. This generally occurs in a molecule that is symmetrical.
- Therefore, X must have a symmetrical structure. One possible structure for X is:
Cl Cl
\ /
C = C
In this structure, the two Chlorine atoms are bonded to the Carbon atoms, which are connected by a double bond.
b. Compound Z has a dipole moment.
- A dipole moment arises when there is an asymmetry in the distribution of electron density in a molecule.
- To have a dipole moment, Z must have an asymmetric structure. One possible structure for Z is:
H H
| |
Cl - C = C - Cl
|
Cl
In this structure, both Chlorine atoms are bonded to the Carbon atoms, which are connected by a double bond. In addition, there is a Chlorine atom bonded to one of the Carbon atoms.
3. Compound Y can be determined by the process of elimination.
- Compound Y has not been specified in the given information, but by process of elimination, it is the remaining dichloroethylene that has not yet been assigned a structure.
- Therefore, Compound Y must have the following structure:
Cl Cl
| |
H - C = C - H
Please note that the actual structures may vary depending on the bond angles and molecular geometry, but the structures provided should give you a good starting point for understanding the differences between compounds X, Y, and Z.