i know this might seem kind of long. but if you could please help me, i'd greatly appreciate it.
a. suppose you have a tug of war with a friend who is the same size and weight as you are. You both pull as hard as you can, but neither of you seems to be winning. You move a little one way or the other, but mostly you are just at rest (although sweating some). Compare the magnitude of the force exerted by you on your friend, with the magnitude of the force exerted by your friend on you. Are they the same or different? If they are not the same, which is larger? Why or why not?
b. Now you have a tug of war with your kid sister (who is much smaller and lighter than you). Again you both pull hard but end in a standoff with neither of you moving much. Compare the magnitude of the force exerted by you on your sister, with the magnitude of the force she exerts on you. Are they the same or different? If they are not the same, which is larger? Why or why not?
c. The next tug of war is still with your kid sister but she is now standing on her skateboard. You can now make her roll across the floor (with constant speed) when you pull hard. In this situation compare the magnitude of the force exerted by you on your sister, with the magnitude of the force she exerts on you. Are they the same or different? If they are not the same, which is larger? Why or why not?
d. Now you pull your sister across the floor so that she moves with increasing speed (accelerates). Compare the magnitude of the force exerted by you on your sister, with the magnitude of the force she exerts on you. Are they the same or different? If they are not the same, which is larger? Why or why not?
e. Due to the drivers not paying attention, a small car and a big truck collide, both are initially moving at 5mph towards each other. Compare the magnitude of the force the truck exerts on the car to the magnitude of the force the car exerts on the truck. Which vehicle would you rather ride in? Describe why you made your choice.
Review Newton's third law and the answers to all parts should be apparent
Sure, I'd be happy to help you with these questions! Let's go through each scenario step by step:
a. In a tug of war with your friend of the same size and weight, if neither of you seems to be winning and you're mostly at rest, the magnitude of the force you exert on your friend is the same as the magnitude of the force your friend exerts on you. This is because according to Newton's Third Law of Motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. So when you pull on your friend, your friend pulls back on you with an equal force.
b. Now, in a tug of war with your smaller and lighter sister, if neither of you moves much and end up in a standoff, the magnitude of the force you exert on your sister is still the same as the magnitude of the force she exerts on you. According to Newton's Third Law, the force you exert on your sister is the force she exerts on you, but in the opposite direction. So even though you are larger and exert a larger force, her force on you is still equal in magnitude.
c. When your sister is standing on her skateboard and you pull hard to make her roll across the floor with constant speed, the magnitude of the force you exert on your sister is greater than the magnitude of the force she exerts on you. This is because the force you apply in the pulling direction is greater than the frictional force on the skateboard opposing her motion. As a result, you can overcome the friction and make her move.
d. In the situation where you pull your sister across the floor so that she accelerates and moves with increasing speed, the magnitude of the force you exert on your sister is still greater than the magnitude of the force she exerts on you. As she accelerates, her inertia tries to keep her at rest, and you need to exert a force greater than her inertia to accelerate her. So, the force you exert on her is larger.
e. In the collision between a small car and a big truck, if both vehicles are initially moving at the same speed towards each other, the magnitude of the force the truck exerts on the car is the same as the magnitude of the force the car exerts on the truck according to Newton's Third Law. The choice of which vehicle to ride in depends on other safety factors like the design, construction, and safety features of each vehicle. It's not solely determined by the magnitude of the forces exerted during a collision.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any more questions.