Given: y=10/(x+1)-8

What is the domain and range?

Well for the x's, I can choose any value I want except -1

so domain: any real x, x ≠ -1

for the range, imagine x becoming larger and larger, so the term 10/(x+1) will approach zero and leaving you will "tiny tiny positive" - 8, which is every so close to -8, slightly above it
for huge negative values, 10/(x+1) will be almost zero, but negative, so we are slightly below -8
we will never get to -8
range: all real values of y, y ≠ -8

e.g. to get to y = -8.001
-8.001 = 10(x+1) - 8
-.001 = 10/(x+1)
-.001x - .001 = 10
-.001 = 10.001
x = -10001