How is electric current carried
Electric current is charged particles moving. It is carried in conductors, and metal wire is a common choice. But lightening current is carried through ionized air, and in your fluorscent light bulbs, current is carried in ionized rare gases.
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Electric current is carried by the movement of charged particles, typically electrons, through a conducting material. When a potential difference, or voltage, is applied across a conductor, it creates an electric field that exerts a force on the charged particles. This force causes the electrons to move in response to the electric field, creating a flow of charge, which is the electric current.
To understand how electric current is carried, it is important to know that conductors have free or loosely bound electrons in their atomic structure. In metals, for example, these mobile electrons are not strongly attached to specific atoms and can move relatively freely within the material. When a voltage is applied across a conductor, the electric field created pushes or pulls these electrons in a specific direction.
The movement of electrons through a conductor constitutes the flow of electric current. The rate of this flow is measured in amperes (A). One ampere of current is defined as one coulomb of charge passing through a point in one second.
In summary, electric current is carried by the movement of charged particles, typically electrons, through a conductor in response to an applied voltage or potential difference.