What denotes the main relationship between protists and prokaryotes?
do they both undergo transcription and translation? do they have different genetic codes?
The main relationship between protists and prokaryotes lies in their classification as two different types of organisms.
Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms that include various single-celled and multicellular organisms. They are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotes.
Prokaryotes, on the other hand, are a group of single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria and archaea are the two main types of prokaryotes.
Regarding transcription and translation, both protists and prokaryotes undergo these processes, but there are some differences.
In both protists and prokaryotes, transcription occurs when genetic information encoded in DNA is transcribed into RNA. However, the mechanisms involved in transcription differ between these two groups.
In prokaryotes, the process of transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, where the DNA acts as a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA).
In protists, which are eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the nucleus, where the DNA is transcribed into precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA). This pre-mRNA undergoes processing, including the removal of introns and splicing together of exons, to form mature mRNA.
As for translation, it is the process by which the mRNA is used as a template to synthesize proteins. This process is largely similar in both protists and prokaryotes, involving ribosomes and transfer RNA (tRNA) carrying amino acids.
Regarding the genetic code, the basic principles of the genetic code are the same for all living organisms, including protists and prokaryotes. The genetic code is a set of rules that determine how the nucleotide sequence in DNA or RNA corresponds to the sequence of amino acids in a protein.