1)why bohr orbit are called stationary orbit? 2)what do you mean by saying energy of electron is quantised?
1) Bohr orbits are called stationary orbits because, according to Bohr's atomic model, electrons move around the nucleus in fixed energy levels or shells. These shells are known as orbitals or orbits. The electrons in these orbits do not radiate energy and remain in a stable, stationary state, hence the term "stationary orbit."
To understand why electrons in Bohr's model do not radiate energy and remain stationary, we need to consider the concept of quantized energy levels.
2) When we say that the energy of an electron is quantized, it means that electron energy can only exist in specific discrete values or levels. In other words, the energy of an electron is not continuous and can only take on certain fixed values.
This concept arises from the wave-particle duality of electrons. According to quantum mechanics, electrons exhibit wave-like behavior and can only exist in certain standing wave patterns called orbitals. Each orbital corresponds to a specific energy level.
The quantization of electron energy can be explained by the Bohr model. According to this model, electrons occupy specific energy levels or shells around the nucleus. The energy of an electron in a particular shell is determined by its distance from the nucleus. Electrons in higher energy levels are further from the nucleus and have higher energy.
The key idea is that electrons can only exist in these specific energy levels and cannot have intermediate energy values. This quantization of energy is a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics and has been experimentally verified.
To calculate the energy of an electron in a specific energy level, you can use the equation:
E = -13.6 eV / n^2
where E is the energy, -13.6 eV is a constant (known as the ionization energy of hydrogen), and n is the principal quantum number representing the energy level.
By using this equation, you can calculate the precise energy value associated with any given energy level of an electron in an atom.