To what extent did the Japanese worldview change during the Meiji period.
Japan moved from isolated feudalism to the modern world.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_period
To understand the extent to which the Japanese worldview changed during the Meiji period, we need to look at the context and key developments during that time. The Meiji period in Japan spanned from 1868 to 1912 and was marked by significant political, social, and cultural transformations. To evaluate the extent of change, here are some key areas to consider:
1. Political Changes: At the start of the Meiji period, Japan experienced a restoration of imperial rule, ending centuries of feudal governance. The emperor regained political power, and a centralized government was established. The adoption of a constitutional monarchy in 1889 laid the foundation for a modern political system. This shift from a feudal system to a Western-style constitutional government marked a significant departure from traditional Japanese political structures.
2. Westernization: One of the main objectives of the Meiji government was to modernize Japan and strengthen its position on the global stage. To achieve this, they actively embraced Western ideologies, systems, and technologies. The Meiji leaders abolished the rigid class system, implemented universal conscription, and introduced modern education systems. They also adopted Western legal codes, industrial practices, and military strategies. This swift embrace of Western ideas and practices had a profound impact on the Japanese worldview, challenging traditional norms and values.
3. Cultural Reforms: The Meiji government aimed to balance Western influences with preserving Japanese cultural identity. They initiated various cultural reforms, emphasizing the concept of "bunmei kaika" (civilization and enlightenment). In this process, they promoted literacy, encouraged the study of Western sciences and technologies, and fostered national awareness through art, literature, and education. While there was a move towards embracing Western culture, efforts were made to reinterpret and reconcile it with traditional values, giving birth to a unique blend of modern and traditional elements.
4. Nationalism: As Japan modernized, a sense of nationalism and national identity grew among the population. The government promoted the notion of "kokutai" (national polity) and the concept of a united Japanese nation. This idea bolstered patriotism and pride in Japanese culture, leading to a reevaluation of Japan's place in the world and a more assertive foreign policy.
Considering these factors, it becomes clear that the Japanese worldview underwent significant changes during the Meiji period. The feudal and isolationist mindset was replaced by an outward-looking, modern, and nationalistic perspective. However, it is important to note that some traditional elements were also retained, highlighting the adaptability and resilience of Japanese society. To delve deeper into this topic, I recommend studying primary sources, academic literature, and historical accounts from the Meiji period to gain a comprehensive understanding of the extent of the changes that occurred.