Which symbiotic relationship is connected with “mutualism”?
Select one:
a. Mistletoe
b. Aphids
c. Orchids
http://insects.about.com/od/coolandunusualinsects/f/antsandaphids.htm
The symbiotic relationship connected with "mutualism" can be observed in option c. Orchids.
To arrive at this answer, we need to understand what mutualism means in a biological context. Mutualism refers to a type of symbiotic relationship in which both participating organisms benefit from their interaction. In this relationship, each organism provides something that the other organism needs, resulting in advantages for both parties.
Now, let's examine the options.
Option a. Mistletoe: Mistletoe is a parasitic plant that attaches itself to the branches of trees and extracts nutrients from the host plant, which results in a one-sided benefit for the mistletoe while potentially harming the tree. This is an example of a parasitic relationship, not mutualism.
Option b. Aphids: Aphids are tiny insects that feed on the sap of plants. While aphids may provide certain benefits to other organisms, such as ants that "milk" them for honeydew, the relationship with the host plant is generally considered parasitic as they consume the plant's resources without providing any significant positive contribution. Therefore, this is not an example of mutualism.
Option c. Orchids: Orchids are known to form mutualistic relationships with certain types of fungi. Orchid seeds are very small and lack the necessary nutrients to germinate on their own. They rely on specific fungi to break down organic matter and provide the necessary nutrients for germination and growth. In return, the orchid plant provides sugars and other nutrients to the fungi. This reciprocally beneficial interaction between orchids and fungi represents mutualism.
Hence, the correct answer is c. Orchids, as they exhibit a mutualistic relationship with fungi.