Assume that 41.0 cal of heat is applied to a 30. g sample of sulfur at 16°C. What is the final temperature of the sample if the specific heat of sulfur is 0.175 cal/(g·°C)?
To find the final temperature of the sample, you can use the equation Q = mcΔT, where Q represents the heat transferred, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
We know that Q = 41.0 cal, m = 30.0 g, c = 0.175 cal/(g·°C), and the initial temperature T₁ = 16°C. We need to find the final temperature T₂.
First, let's calculate the change in temperature (ΔT). Since the heat is applied to the sample, the change in temperature will be positive.
Q = mcΔT
Rearranging the formula:
ΔT = Q / (mc)
ΔT = 41.0 cal / (30.0 g × 0.175 cal/(g·°C))
ΔT = 41.0 cal / (5.25 cal/°C)
ΔT ≈ 7.81 °C
Now, we can find the final temperature (T₂).
T₂ = T₁ + ΔT
T₂ = 16°C + 7.81°C
T₂ ≈ 23.81°C
Therefore, the final temperature of the sulfur sample is approximately 23.81°C.