3 NO2(g) + H2O(g) 2 HNO3(g) + NO(g)
At constant temperature and pressure, what is the maximum volume, in liters, of HNO3(g) that can be made from 10.39 L of NO2(g) and 15.53 L of H2O(g)?
See your other post below.
To find the maximum volume of HNO3(g) that can be produced, we need to determine which reactant is the limiting reagent.
1. Start by writing out the balanced equation:
3 NO2(g) + H2O(g) -> 2 HNO3(g) + NO(g)
2. Convert the given volumes of gases to moles using the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT,
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
Given:
Volume of NO2(g) = 10.39 L
Volume of H2O(g) = 15.53 L
Look up the value of the ideal gas constant, R, or use the appropriate value depending on the unit of pressure and temperature given.
3. Convert the volumes of gases to moles:
Use the ideal gas law equation to convert the volumes to moles. Rearrange the equation to solve for moles (n):
n = PV / RT
Given:
Pressure (assume constant) = P
Temperature (assume constant) = T
Ideal gas constant = R
Number of moles of NO2(g) = (10.39 L * P) / (R * T)
Number of moles of H2O(g) = (15.53 L * P) / (R * T)
4. Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the limiting reagent:
The molar ratio between NO2(g) and HNO3(g) is 3:2. This means that for every 3 moles of NO2(g), we can produce 2 moles of HNO3(g). The molar ratio between H2O(g) and HNO3(g) is 1:2, meaning that for every 1 mole of H2O(g), we can produce 2 moles of HNO3(g).
Compare the moles of each reactant to the stoichiometric ratio to determine which one is limiting:
Moles of NO2(g) / 3 = Moles of HNO3(g)
Moles of H2O(g) / 1 = Moles of HNO3(g)
Whichever moles of HNO3(g) we get from the equation above is the limiting reagent.
5. Determine the maximum volume of HNO3(g) that can be produced:
Once you have determined the limiting reagent, use its moles to calculate the corresponding volume using the ideal gas law equation:
V = (n * R * T) / P
Given:
Moles of limiting reagent (either NO2(g) or H2O(g))
Temperature (assume constant) = T
Ideal gas constant = R
Pressure (assume constant) = P
Maximum volume of HNO3(g) = (moles of limiting reagent * R * T) / P
By following these steps, you will be able to determine the maximum volume of HNO3(g) that can be produced from the given reactants.