Household vinegar is acqueous 5.00%,acetic acid solution(by mass),if its density is 1,01 g/ml.calculate the mole fraction!molarity,and molality of the solution.
5.00% acid means 5g acid/100 g soln.
5g/molar mass acetic acid = mols.
Use density to convert 100 g to volume
Then M = mols/L soln.
Can you take it from here?
To calculate the mole fraction, molarity, and molality of the acetic acid solution, let's start by understanding the definitions of these terms:
1. Mole Fraction:
The mole fraction (X) of a component in a solution is the ratio of the number of moles of that component to the total number of moles of all components in the solution.
2. Molarity:
Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is often expressed as moles per liter (mol/L).
3. Molality:
Molality (m) is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. It is often expressed as moles per kilogram (mol/kg).
Now let's calculate these values step by step:
Step 1: Calculate the mass of acetic acid in the solution
Assuming you have 100 mL (0.1 L) of a 5.00% acetic acid solution, the mass of acetic acid can be calculated using the density:
Mass of solution = Volume × Density
Mass of solution = 0.1 L × 1.01 g/mL = 0.101 g
Mass of acetic acid = Mass of solution × Percentage concentration
Mass of acetic acid = 0.101 g × 0.05 = 0.00505 g
Step 2: Convert mass of acetic acid to moles
To convert the mass of acetic acid to moles, we need the molar mass of acetic acid, which is approximately 60.05 g/mol.
Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass
Number of moles = 0.00505 g / 60.05 g/mol ≈ 8.4 × 10^-5 mol
Step 3: Calculate the mole fraction
Since the acetic acid is the only component in this solution, the mole fraction of acetic acid is 1 (or 100%) because there are no other components.
Mole fraction = Number of moles of acetic acid / Total number of moles
Mole fraction = 8.4 × 10^-5 mol / 8.4 × 10^-5 mol = 1
Step 4: Calculate molarity
Molarity is given by the formula:
Molarity = Number of moles of solute / Volume of solution (in liters)
Molarity = 8.4 × 10^-5 mol / 0.1 L = 0.00084 M (approximately)
Step 5: Calculate molality
Molality is given by the formula:
Molality = Number of moles of solute / Mass of solvent (in kg)
Here, the solvent is water since vinegar is primarily composed of acetic acid dissolved in water.
Molality = 8.4 × 10^-5 mol / 0.1 kg = 0.00084 mol/kg
So, the results are:
Mole fraction of acetic acid = 1 (or 100%)
Molarity of the solution = 0.00084 M
Molality of the solution = 0.00084 mol/kg