a blue solution of copper(II) sulfate is mixed with a colerless solution of sodium phosphate and a blue percipitate is formed. Using solubility rules predict the formula of the percipitate
To predict the formula of the precipitate formed when a blue solution of copper(II) sulfate is mixed with a colorless solution of sodium phosphate, we can use solubility rules. Solubility rules help us determine whether a compound will dissolve or precipitate out of a solution.
Let's start by examining the solubility rules for copper sulfate (CuSO4) and sodium phosphate (Na3PO4):
Copper sulfate (CuSO4):
- All sulfates (SO4) are generally soluble, except for those of barium (Ba), lead (Pb), calcium (Ca), silver (Ag), and strontium (Sr) ions.
Sodium phosphate (Na3PO4):
- All phosphates (PO4) are generally insoluble, except for those of sodium (Na+) and ammonium (NH4+) ions.
Based on these solubility rules, we can conclude that copper sulfate (CuSO4) will remain soluble in solution, while sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) will form a precipitate when mixed with copper sulfate.
To determine the formula of the precipitate, we need to balance the charges of the ions involved. Copper(II) has a charge of 2+ (Cu2+), while phosphate has a charge of 3- (PO4^3-). To balance the charges, we need two Cu2+ ions for every three PO4^3- ions, resulting in the formula Cu3(PO4)2.
Therefore, the formula of the precipitate formed when a blue solution of copper(II) sulfate is mixed with a colorless solution of sodium phosphate is Cu3(PO4)2.