For the following reaction, 31.1 grams of diphosphorus pentoxide are allowed to react with with 10.2 grams of water.
diphosphorus pentoxide (s) + water (l)>>> phosphoric acid (aq)
What is the maximum amount of phosphoric acid that can be formed in grams?
What is the FORMULA for the limiting reagent?
What amount of the excess reagent remains after the reaction is complete in grams ?
Another limiting reagent problem. All are done the same way. See your later posts.
To find the maximum amount of phosphoric acid that can be formed, we need to determine the limiting reagent first. The limiting reagent is the reactant that will be completely consumed, thereby limiting the amount of product that can be formed.
To identify the limiting reagent, we compare the number of moles of each reactant to the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. The balanced equation for the reaction is:
1 mole of diphosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) + 5 moles of water (H2O) >>> 2 moles of phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
First, let's calculate the number of moles for each reactant:
Molar mass of P2O5 = 31.1 g
Number of moles of P2O5 = 31.1 g / molar mass of P2O5
Molar mass of H2O = 10.2 g
Number of moles of H2O = 10.2 g / molar mass of H2O
Now, we can compare the moles of each reactant to the stoichiometric coefficients. This will allow us to determine which reactant is limiting.
Number of moles of P2O5: 31.1 g / molar mass of P2O5
Number of moles of H2O: 10.2 g / molar mass of H2O
Divide the number of moles of each reactant by the corresponding stoichiometric coefficient:
Moles of P2O5 / coefficient of P2O5 in the balanced equation (1)
Moles of H2O / coefficient of H2O in the balanced equation (5)
The smaller result from these calculations is the limiting reagent.
Now, let's calculate the maximum amount of phosphoric acid that can be formed based on the limiting reagent.
Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the number of moles of phosphoric acid produced:
Moles of limiting reagent (either P2O5 or H2O) * (2 moles of H3PO4 / 1 mole of limiting reagent)
Finally, we can calculate the maximum amount of phosphoric acid in grams using the molar mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4):
Mass of phosphoric acid = Moles of phosphoric acid * molar mass of phosphoric acid
To find the formula for the limiting reagent, we compare the moles of each reactant. Whichever reactant has fewer moles will be the limiting reagent.
To calculate the amount of excess reagent that remains after the reaction is complete, we subtract the amount used in the reaction from the initial amount of the excess reagent.
Amount of excess reagent remaining = Initial amount of excess reagent - Amount used in the reaction
Let me know if you need help with the actual calculations!