Decide if each of the following principles were first discovered during Thompson's cathode ray tube experiments, Rutherford's gold foil experiment, Millikan's oil drop experiment or none of these. Label each one with either Thompson, Rutherford, Milikan, or none of these people.
1)An atom has a nucleus that is very small
2)In a reaction, the mass of the products must equal the mass of the reactants.
3)Electrons are negatively charge pieces of matter.
4)An electron has a mass that is very small compared to the size of the atom.
5)The charge to mass ratio of an electron
6)Any sample of a chemical compound will contain the same elements in the same proportions.
7)Neutrons are a particle with no charge.
8)The magnitude of an electron's charge
We would be happy if you shared your thoughts with us and tell us why you answered as you did.
i am just simply stuck on this question
I suggest you look in your text and notes under the three men. Most text discuss the findings and something about how the findings came about. Most texts then have something like a summary at the end of the discussion. Those point plus what you have read about each person will fit one of the statements in the question. If this question leaves you "stuck" that means you just haven't digested the material and you need to go over it again Iand a third time if necessary).
contains negativley charged particles
To determine which principle was first discovered during each experiment, we need to understand the contributions of each scientist and their respective experiments. Let's go through the principles one by one:
1) An atom has a nucleus that is very small - This principle was first discovered by Rutherford during his gold foil experiment. He observed that most of the alpha particles passed straight through the foil, indicating that the atom's positive charge and most of its mass were concentrated in a small, dense nucleus.
2) In a reaction, the mass of the products must equal the mass of the reactants - This principle is known as the Law of Conservation of Mass. It was not specifically discovered during any of the mentioned experiments, but rather through the work of Antoine Lavoisier. Therefore, the answer is "none of these people."
3) Electrons are negatively charged pieces of matter - This principle was first discovered by Thompson during his cathode ray tube experiments. He observed that the cathode rays were negatively charged, indicating the presence of particles later named electrons.
4) An electron has a mass that is very small compared to the size of the atom - This principle was also discovered by Thompson during his cathode ray tube experiments. By comparing the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron, he concluded that the mass of the electron is significantly smaller than that of the atom.
5) The charge-to-mass ratio of an electron - Again, this principle was determined by Thompson during his cathode ray tube experiments. By measuring the deflection of the cathode rays under the influence of electric and magnetic fields, he calculated the charge-to-mass ratio of electrons.
6) Any sample of a chemical compound will contain the same elements in the same proportions - This principle is known as the Law of Definite Proportions or the Law of Constant Composition. It was not specifically discovered during any of the mentioned experiments but rather through the work of Joseph Proust. Therefore, the answer is "none of these people."
7) Neutrons are particles with no charge - This principle was first discovered by Rutherford during his experiments with alpha particles. He found that some particles were deflected at angles that were impossible to explain with just electrons and protons. This led to the discovery of the neutron, a particle with no charge.
8) The magnitude of an electron's charge - This principle was determined by Millikan during his oil drop experiment. By measuring the electrically charged oil droplets and observing their motion within an electric field, he determined the magnitude of an electron's charge.
To summarize:
1) Rutherford
2) None of these people
3) Thompson
4) Thompson
5) Thompson
6) None of these people
7) Rutherford
8) Millikan