what mass of salt can be produced from the reaction of 3.45 grams of sodium hydroxide and an excess of hydrochloric acid?
whats the answer
1. Write the equation and balance it.
2. Convert 3.45 g NaOH to moles. moles = grams/molar mass.
3. Using the coefficients in the balanced equation, convert moles NaOH to moles NaCl.
4. Now convert moles NaCl to grams. g = moles x molar mass.
To determine the mass of salt produced from the reaction, we need to balance the chemical equation and find the molar ratios.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with hydrochloric acid (HCl) is:
NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
According to the balanced equation, the molar ratio between NaOH and NaCl is 1:1. This means that for every 1 mole of NaOH reacted, 1 mole of NaCl is produced.
To calculate the molar amount of NaOH, we divide the given mass (3.45 grams) by its molar mass. The molar mass of NaOH is the sum of the atomic masses of sodium (Na), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H).
Na: 22.99 g/mol
O: 16.00 g/mol
H: 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of NaOH = 22.99 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol + 1.01 g/mol = 39.00 g/mol
Now, we can calculate the moles of NaOH:
moles of NaOH = mass of NaOH / molar mass of NaOH
moles of NaOH = 3.45 g / 39.00 g/mol ≈ 0.0885 mol
Since NaOH is reacted in excess, all of it will be consumed. Therefore, the amount of NaCl produced will also be 0.0885 moles.
To determine the mass of NaCl produced, we need to multiply the moles of NaCl by its molar mass. The molar mass of NaCl is the sum of the atomic masses of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl).
Na: 22.99 g/mol
Cl: 35.45 g/mol
Molar mass of NaCl = 22.99 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol = 58.44 g/mol
mass of NaCl = moles of NaCl * molar mass of NaCl
mass of NaCl = 0.0885 mol * 58.44 g/mol ≈ 5.15 grams
Therefore, approximately 5.15 grams of salt (NaCl) can be produced from the reaction of 3.45 grams of sodium hydroxide and an excess of hydrochloric acid.