Define ethnocentrism and explain how it has been used to justify European colonization of Native American cultures.
http://www.answers.com/topic/ethnocentrism
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Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own cultural or ethnic group is superior to others. It involves evaluating and judging other cultures based on the standards and values of one's own culture. This can lead to biased perspectives and a lack of appreciation for cultural differences.
In the context of European colonization of Native American cultures, ethnocentrism played a significant role. European colonizers considered their own culture, customs, and values as superior, often dismissing or devaluing the indigenous cultures they encountered. This ethnocentric perspective justified their colonization efforts and the forced assimilation of Native American peoples.
To understand how ethnocentrism was used to justify colonization, we can look at a few factors:
1. Cultural Superiority: Europeans saw their own society as more advanced, civilized, and morally superior to the indigenous cultures they encountered. They believed they had a duty to bring progress and enlightenment to "primitive" societies through colonization and cultural assimilation.
2. Religious Justification: Europeans, particularly Christian missionaries, believed it was their divine duty to convert and "save" the indigenous peoples from their "heathen" beliefs. This religious ethnocentrism provided a moral justification for colonization, as Europeans viewed their own religion as superior and necessary for the well-being of the Native American cultures.
3. Technological and Economic Superiority: Europeans possessed more advanced technology, weaponry, and economic systems. This led them to perceive themselves as having a superior civilization and justified their exploitation of Native American resources, labor, and land.
4. Doctrine of Discovery: The Doctrine of Discovery, a legal concept developed by European nations, granted them the right to claim and exploit lands that were "discovered" by European explorers. This ethnocentric notion disregarded the existence and sovereignty of indigenous peoples and their cultures, essentially justifying the colonization and forced assimilation efforts.
It is important to note that the justification of European colonization based on ethnocentrism was not only morally wrong but also deeply harmful, resulting in the loss of indigenous lives, cultures, and autonomy. Recognizing and addressing the impact of ethnocentrism is crucial for promoting cultural understanding, respect, and justice.