to how much water should 50.0 ml of 12.0 M HCl acid to be added to produce a 4.00 M solution?
To determine how much water should be added to 50.0 ml of 12.0 M HCl acid to produce a 4.00 M solution, we need to use the formula:
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
Where:
C₁ = Initial concentration (12.0 M)
V₁ = Initial volume (50.0 ml)
C₂ = Final concentration (4.00 M)
V₂ = Final volume (which includes the volume of water to be added)
First, let's rearrange the formula to solve for V₂:
V₂ = (C₁V₁) / C₂
Now we substitute in the given values:
V₂ = (12.0 M * 50.0 ml) / 4.00 M
V₂ = 150.0 ml
Therefore, to make a 4.00 M solution, you would need to add 150.0 ml of water to the initial 50.0 ml of 12.0 M HCl acid.