Which one is right:
Do you need any sugar or
Do you need a sugar?
Sugar is a mass noun (similar to 'money', 'water', and 'air' in that it cannot be referred to as individual units by that noun.
For example:
Not a money, but a /unit/ of money such as a dollar or a pound.
Not an air, but some air, or a litre of air.
Not a sugar, but some sugar or a grain of sugar.
Wikipedia's article on mass nouns can expand on this.
TL;DR: Do you need any sugar?
Jack's right.
The right sentence is
Do you need any sugar?
The correct sentence would be: "Do you need any sugar?"
To understand why, let's break down the grammar of each sentence:
1. "Do you need any sugar?": In this sentence, "sugar" is an uncountable noun, which means it doesn't have a plural form. Uncountable nouns are used with the determiner "any" to indicate an unspecified amount or quantity. So, when asking about the need for sugar, we use "any" to suggest there could be any amount of sugar that the person might need.
2. "Do you need a sugar?": In this sentence, "sugar" is used singularly as a countable noun. However, in English, we usually don't use "a" before uncountable nouns like "sugar" because they don't refer to single, separate items. Instead, we use articles like "a" or "an" with countable nouns that refer to individual objects.
In conclusion, the correct sentence is "Do you need any sugar?" as it follows the grammatical rules for uncountable nouns.