Question
Why is mitosis a longer and more complicated process of cell division than binary fission?(1 point)
Responses

Binary fission does not replicate DNA
Binary fission does not replicate DNA

Mitosis has check points that must be met to continue the cycle
Mitosis has check points that must be met to continue the cycle

Binary fission produces two identical daughter cells
Binary fission produces two identical daughter cells

Mitosis occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require a nucleus
Mitosis occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require a nucleus
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Mitosis has checkpoints that must be met to continue the cycle.
Question
Some differentiated cells become senescent almost immediately, leaving the cell cycle and undergoing terminal differentiation. Other cells have a high need to proliferate in order to grow and repair the organ or tissue, so they do not enter senescence for a long period of time. Which cell type would be most likely to put off senescence and terminal differentiation so it could continue to replicate in order to grow and repair?(1 point)
Responses

brain cells
brain cells

skin cells
skin cells

lung cells
lung cells

heart cells
heart cells
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skin cells
When scientists and doctors are looking to heal wounds and cure diseases, stem cells are a great option because they can repair damage and grow new specialized cells. From the list, which type of stem cell would be the best option for healing the widest variety of diseases?(1 point)
Responses
skin stem cells
skin stem cells
embryonic stem cells
embryonic stem cells
small intestine stem cells
small intestine stem cells
bone marrow stem cells
bone marrow stem cells
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embryonic stem cells
What is the importance of microtubules in cell division?(1 point)
Responses
They start the process of cytokinesis.
They start the process of cytokinesis.
They organize and pull the chromosomes apart.
They organize and pull the chromosomes apart.
They reform the nucleus in the divided cell.
They reform the nucleus in the divided cell.
They provide a pathway for organelles to move into the newly formed cell.
They provide a pathway for organelles to move into the newly formed cell.
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They organize and pull the chromosomes apart.
Question
How is cell differentiation different than mitosis?(1 point)
Responses

Cell differentiation only occurs after a wound.
Cell differentiation only occurs after a wound.

Cell differentiation produces cells with different DNA.
Cell differentiation produces cells with different DNA.

Cell differentiation produces cells with different gene expressions.
Cell differentiation produces cells with different gene expressions.

Cell differentiation does not cause proliferation.
Cell differentiation does not cause proliferation.
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Cell differentiation produces cells with different gene expressions.
Raul has scraped his knee and noticed that after a week it had almost completely healed. Raul wondered how the skin was able to repair itself while looking exactly the same as his non-injured skin. In 3-5 sentences explain how mitosis plays a role in healing skin after injury and is able to maintain the look of the existing, non-injured skin.(4 points)
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During the healing process of a scraped knee, mitosis plays a vital role in the repair of the skin. When a wound occurs, the surrounding cells detect the injury and initiate the process of mitosis. Mitosis allows for the rapid division of skin cells, leading to the formation of new cells that can fill in the wound. These new cells, produced through mitosis, are identical to the existing skin cells, allowing for the healing process to occur without any noticeable changes in the appearance of the skin. This ensures that the repaired skin looks the same as the non-injured skin.
In three to five sentences, explain the advantage of keeping some DNA needed by mitochondria in the cell’s nucleus and some in the mitochondria itself.(4 points)
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Keeping some DNA needed by mitochondria in the cell's nucleus and some in the mitochondria itself provides several advantages. Firstly, storing mitochondrial DNA in the nucleus ensures that it is protected within the cell and less susceptible to damage. Additionally, having genetic information in the nucleus allows for more efficient repair and replication processes. Secondly, having some DNA within the mitochondria itself allows for localized control and regulation of mitochondrial functions. This arrangement allows for a fine-tuned coordination between the nucleus and mitochondria, optimizing energy production and cellular processes. Lastly, nuclear DNA can undergo recombination to introduce genetic diversity, while mitochondrial DNA remains more stable, ensuring the preservation of essential mitochondrial functions across generations.
In 3–5 sentences, construct a summary of the process of gene expression, starting with DNA and ending with proteins.(4 points)
The process of gene expression begins with DNA, which contains the genetic instructions for protein synthesis. Transcription occurs first, where DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerase. The mRNA then undergoes processing, including the removal of introns, to form mature mRNA. Next, the mRNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it binds to ribosomes. During translation, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring in specific amino acids corresponding to the mRNA codons, forming a growing polypeptide chain. Eventually, the polypeptide chain folds into a functional protein, carrying out various cellular functions.
In three to five sentences, explain the advantage of keeping some DNA needed by mitochondria in the cell’s nucleus and some in the mitochondria itself.(4 points) at a 9th grade level
Keeping some DNA needed by mitochondria in the cell's nucleus and some in the mitochondria itself has advantages. By storing mitochondrial DNA in the nucleus, it is better protected from damage and can be repaired more efficiently. Having DNA in the nucleus also allows for better control of mitochondrial functions. On the other hand, having some DNA in the mitochondria allows for faster production of proteins needed for energy production. This division of DNA helps the cell work smoothly and ensures that mitochondria can produce energy effectively.
In 3–5 sentences, construct a summary of the process of gene expression, starting with DNA and ending with proteins.(4 points) at a 9th grade level
The process of gene expression starts with DNA. The DNA is first transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) by a process called transcription. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and moves to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. At the ribosomes, the mRNA is translated into a protein by another process called translation. This protein then carries out various functions in the cell, such as building structures or controlling chemical reactions. Overall, gene expression is the process by which the genetic information stored in DNA is used to make proteins that are essential for the functioning and survival of the cell.
Advantages of using maps to model mitosis include:
Visual representation
Simplified representation
Engagement and understanding
Disadvantages of using maps to model mitosis include:
Lack of detail
Static representation
Oversimplification
Can you make 3 to 5 sentences about the advantages and disadvantages of maps modeling mitosis
Advantages of using maps to model mitosis include their visual representation, which allows for a clear and intuitive understanding of the process. Maps also provide a simplified representation, making it easier to grasp the key steps and concepts involved in mitosis. Furthermore, maps can engage learners and enhance their understanding through interactive elements, such as labeling or color-coding.
However, there are some disadvantages of using maps to model mitosis. One drawback is the potential lack of detail, as maps often present an overview rather than a comprehensive depiction. This limited level of detail may not fully capture the intricacies and specific molecular events of mitosis. Additionally, maps are static representations, lacking the dynamic nature of the process, which can make it harder to grasp the temporal aspects and transitions that occur during mitosis. Lastly, maps can oversimplify the complex nature of mitosis, potentially leading to misconceptions or a limited understanding of the topic.