1. How do weathering and erosion differ?
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Weathering involves the transportation of weathered materials, while erosion involves the physical breakdown of rocks
Weathering occurs due to tectonic activity, while erosion is caused by weather patterns
Weathering involves the physical breakdown of rocks, while erosion involves the transportation of weathered materials
Weathering and erosion are the same processes
The correct answer is: Weathering involves the physical breakdown of rocks, while erosion involves the transportation of weathered materials.
2. Scientists have tracked the changes in this land for many years. Picture A shows how the land looked to start with. Many years later, the land looked like Picture B. What MOST LIKELY caused the change in the land?
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earthquakes along the shore
wind blowing in circles
a coastal glacier
water cutting the rocks
The correct answer is: water cutting the rocks
3. It is the rainy season! Rivers are more muddy-looking during storms. All BUT ONE statement helps to explain this occurrence.
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A swiftly moving river will have more water.
Sediment builds up at on the river bottom and the river looks muddy.
During a storm, a river is carrying a lot more sediment than during a low-flow period.
Fast-moving water can pick up, suspend, and move larger particles more easily than slow-moving waters.
The correct answer is: A swiftly moving river will have more water.
4. Students performed an experiment to observe how water interacts with the rock cycle. The diagram here shows the before, during, and after images for their experiment. What hypothesis do the results support in this experiment?
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As water flows, it moves larger rocks more slowly than smaller ones.
Mechanical breakdown of rock is easier to observe than chemical breakdown of rock.
As water freezes, its expansion causes cracks in rocks to expand as well, contributing to weathering.
Chemical properties of the water caused the rock to disintegrate, contributing to erosion.
Based on the given information, the hypothesis that the results support in this experiment is: As water freezes, its expansion causes cracks in rocks to expand as well, contributing to weathering.
5. Students in Mr. Stoval's class were studying weathering and erosion. One group of students placed some limestone chips in a beaker. Next they poured in 50 ml of water to which they added 5 ml dilute HCl. After 48 hours, the limestone chips had almost disappeared and the water was cloudy. This simple experiment is an example of what process on Earth?
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Water physically erodes limestone and it is carried away by moving groundwater.
Acid rain falls over limestone rock and washes particles away. This is the result of the kinetic energy of the moving water and it is a physical process.
Acidic groundwater or precipitation chemically reacts with limestone resulting in Karst features.
Acid rain falls on limestone rock and physically dissolves the particles in the rock. This is similar to dissolving salt in water. It occurs in places where evaporite form.
Based on the given information, the simple experiment described is an example of the process: Acidic groundwater or precipitation chemically reacts with limestone resulting in Karst features.
6. Which is an example of physical weathering?
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wind blowing off bits of a rock over time
oxidation of certain metals in rock
bits of rock rusting when exposed to oxygen and water
limestone in rock dissolving when acid rain flows across it
The example of physical weathering is: wind blowing off bits of a rock over time.
7. A group of earth science students were investigating in the laboratory. They took granite rock and limestone samples and massed them on a balance. Then, students placed the rock samples in closed plastic vials. The students shook them vigorously for thirty minutes. Students then massed the rocks again. What question might the students be testing?
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Which rock type changes more due to physical weathering?
How does granite change shape after mechanical breakdown?
How do rocks interact during mechanical manipulation?
Why does granite rock break down more quickly?
Based on the given information, the question that the students might be testing is: Which rock type changes more due to physical weathering?
8. In Utah’s Arches National Park we can see many interesting shapes like this one. Many different things helped to shape this arch: earthquakes, rivers, freezing water, and wind. Only one of these made the surface of the arch smooth and rounded. That was
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strong winds.
earthquakes.
water freezing in the cracks.
a river running through the rocks.