Calculate the expected volume of hot water that would be required to dissolve 0.15g of benzoic acid, vanillin, phthalic acid, salicyclic acid?
You don't need to do all or any of them. I just need to know what formula to use and what to sub in and I can do the rest myself. I can't find the equations in my orgo chem book because we aren't doing anything calculations based so I'm lost.
To calculate the expected volume of hot water required to dissolve a given amount of solute, you can use the solubility product constant (Ksp) and the solubility equation. The solubility equation is defined as:
Ksp = [X+][Y-]
Where [X+] and [Y-] represent the molar concentrations of the dissolved ions in the saturated solution of the solute.
In order to use this equation to calculate the expected volume of hot water, you will need the solubility product constant for each compound: benzoic acid (C6H5COOH), vanillin (C8H8O3), phthalic acid (C8H6O4), and salicylic acid (C7H6O3).
The solubility product constant (Ksp) can be found in reference sources such as textbooks or online databases.
Once you have the Ksp values for the compounds, you can set up the solubility equation by assuming complete dissociation of the solute into its ions. Since benzoic acid, vanillin, phthalic acid, and salicylic acid do not dissociate into ions completely in water, it might be challenging to find the specific Ksp values for these compounds. However, you can make approximate estimates based on the solubility trends and use the solubility equation for an estimation.
For example, benzoic acid is a weak acid and does not fully dissociate in water. Yet, it does have some solubility in water. So, you can assume that the solubility of benzoic acid is approximately equal to its molar concentration in the saturated solution. Therefore, using the solubility equation, you can write:
Ksp = [benzoic acid]
Now, you can solve for the molar concentration [benzoic acid] by rearranging the equation:
[benzoic acid] = Ksp
Substituting the given Ksp value into the equation will give you the molar concentration of benzoic acid in the saturated solution.
Finally, to calculate the expected volume of hot water required to dissolve a given amount of benzoic acid (0.15g in this case), you need to convert the molar concentration to moles, and then divide the given amount of benzoic acid by the molar concentration. This will give you the volume of hot water required.