Which is a mark of a galaxy formed by collapse?(1 point)
Responses
uniformly young stars
uniformly young stars
a mix of young and old stars
a mix of young and old stars
same age stars
same age stars
abundant gas and dust
abundant gas and dust
The mark of a galaxy formed by collapse is a mix of young and old stars.
The mark of a galaxy formed by collapse is typically a mix of young and old stars. This can be determined by studying the distribution of stellar ages within the galaxy. To find the answer to this question, you can consider the different options provided and analyze them one by one:
1. Uniformly young stars: This option suggests that all the stars in the galaxy are of the same young age. However, this is unlikely for a galaxy formed by collapse as the formation process would involve the accumulation of stars over time, resulting in a range of stellar ages. Therefore, you can eliminate this option as a mark of a galaxy formed by collapse.
2. A mix of young and old stars: This option aligns with the characteristics expected for a galaxy formed by collapse. When a galaxy forms through collapse, it typically experiences multiple generations of star formation, resulting in a mix of young and old stars. Therefore, you can consider this option as a mark of a galaxy formed by collapse.
3. Same age stars: This option suggests that all the stars in the galaxy are of the same age. Similarly to the first option, this scenario is unlikely for a galaxy formed by collapse. As mentioned earlier, the formation process involves the accumulation of stars over time, leading to a range of stellar ages. Hence, you can eliminate this option.
4. Abundant gas and dust: While abundant gas and dust can be a characteristic of galaxies, it is not necessarily a specific mark of a galaxy formed by collapse. Galaxies can also accumulate gas and dust through various other mechanisms like mergers or interactions with neighboring galaxies. Therefore, this option alone does not conclusively indicate a galaxy formed by collapse.
Considering all the options, the correct mark of a galaxy formed by collapse is a mix of young and old stars (option 2).
How are the bars in barred spiral galaxies thought to have formed?(1 point)
Responses
separation
separation
merging
merging
slow evolution
slow evolution
primordial collapse
Bars in barred spiral galaxies are thought to have formed through a process called slow evolution.
When parts of a gas cloud collapse, where does the material first form clumps?(1 point)
Responses
in less dense regions with little space between atoms
in less dense regions with little space between atoms
in denser regions with little space between atoms
in denser regions with little space between atoms
in denser regions with more space between atoms
in denser regions with more space between atoms
in less dense regions with more space between atoms
When parts of a gas cloud collapse, the material first forms clumps in denser regions with little space between atoms.
Over time, how will the distribution of matter in a galaxy cluster change?(1 point)
Responses
Clumps of material will become smaller and the spaces between them smaller.
Clumps of material will become smaller and the spaces between them smaller.
Clumps of material will become smaller and the spaces between them larger.
Clumps of material will become smaller and the spaces between them larger.
Clumps of material will become larger and the spaces between them larger.
Clumps of material will become larger and the spaces between them larger.
Clumps of material will become larger and the spaces between them smaller.
Over time, in a galaxy cluster, clumps of material will become larger and the spaces between them smaller.
Which factors are most likely to affect whether a galaxy will evolve by merging with a second galaxy? Select the two correct answers.(1 point)
Responses
its distance from the other galaxy
its distance from the other galaxy
its size compared to that of the other galaxy
its size compared to that of the other galaxy
its age compared to that of the other galaxy
its age compared to that of the other galaxy
its proportion of gas compared to that of the other galaxy
The two factors most likely to affect whether a galaxy will evolve by merging with a second galaxy are:
1. Its distance from the other galaxy: The distance between two galaxies plays a crucial role in determining whether they will merge. Galaxies that are closer to each other have a higher probability of gravitational interaction and eventual merger.
2. Its size compared to that of the other galaxy: The relative sizes of galaxies also influence the likelihood of merging. Typically, larger galaxies have a greater chance of merging with smaller galaxies, as their gravitational pull can affect and eventually absorb the smaller galaxy.
Therefore, the correct answers are:
- Its distance from the other galaxy
- Its size compared to that of the other galaxy
How do astronomers know about the future collision of Andromeda and the Milky Way?(1 point)
Responses
All galaxies will collide at some point.
All galaxies will collide at some point.
The Milky Way has changed course to head toward Andromeda.
The Milky Way has changed course to head toward Andromeda.
Astronomers have observed their movements over time.
Astronomers have observed their movements over time.
The two galaxies have collided previously.
Astronomers know about the future collision of Andromeda and the Milky Way because they have observed their movements over time.
Under the influence of gravity, over time the dense central part of a galaxy will do what?(1 point)
Responses
contract
contract
stay the same size but spin more slowly
stay the same size but spin more slowly
stay as it is, forces balanced
stay as it is, forces balanced
expand
Under the influence of gravity, over time the dense central part of a galaxy will contract.
Where is most of the baryonic matter (ordinary matter) of the universe found?(1 point)
Responses
in dark matter and dark energy
in dark matter and dark energy
in interstellar gases and stars
in interstellar gases and stars
in planets and natural satellites
in planets and natural satellites
in comets and asteroids
Most of the baryonic matter (ordinary matter) of the universe is found in interstellar gases and stars.
Which was used to create the first image of a black hole?(1 point)
Responses
x-rays from inside the black hole
x-rays from inside the black hole
visible light from the black hole
visible light from the black hole
ultraviolet light from objects in the black hole
ultraviolet light from objects in the black hole
radio waves from matter at the edge of the black hole