What is the definition of a hydrocarbon?(1 point)
Responses
large molecules that are produced by living things
large molecules that are produced by living things
a single line bonding carbon and hydrogen
a single line bonding carbon and hydrogen
electrons shared between two different atoms
electrons shared between two different atoms
a large chain of carbons and hydrogens bonded together
a large chain of carbons and hydrogens bonded together
What do amino acids, fatty acids, and sugars (monosaccharides) have in common?(1 point)
Responses
They are made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
They are made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
They are used to make lipids.
They are used to make lipids.
They are used to make proteins.
They are used to make proteins.
They are made of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen.
They are made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
What makes amino acids unique from one another?(1 point)
Responses
the R group
the R group
the amino group
the amino group
the long strands of glucose molecules
the long strands of glucose molecules
the carboxyl group
the R group
Which compound is a carbohydrate?(1 point)
Responses
starch
starch
nucleotide
nucleotide
amino acid
amino acid
protein
starch
Which compound contains nitrogen?(1 point)
Responses
amino acid
amino acid
water
water
starch
starch
glucose
amino acid
Which equation best represents conservation of matter?(1 point)
Responses
6H2O + 10CO2 → C6H12O6 + 4O2
6H 2 O + 10CO 2 → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 4O 2
6H2O + 6CO2 → C3H6O3 + 3O2
6H 2 O + 6CO 2 → C 3 H 6 O 3 + 3O 2
6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H 2 O + 6CO 2 → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2
3H2O + 3CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Which fuel does the circulation of blood provide for cellular respiration and healing?(1 point)
Responses
oxygen
oxygen
protein
protein
iron
iron
ATP
ATP
oxygen
What are reactants in a chemical reaction?(1 point)
Responses
outputs
outputs
substances that are formed by reactions
substances that are formed by reactions
substances that speed up reactions
substances that speed up reactions
inputs
inputs
Use the scenario to answer the question.
A student has a balloon filled with hydrogen gas. While wearing safety gear, they hold a flame up to the balloon. It explodes with a loud bang and creates a fireball.
Is this an endothermic or exothermic reaction, and why?
(1 point)
Responses
Exothermic, because light and heat were emitted.
Exothermic, because light and heat were emitted.
Endothermic, because light and heat were emitted.
Endothermic, because light and heat were emitted.
Exothermic, because it took a lot of energy to cause the reaction.
Exothermic, because it took a lot of energy to cause the reaction.
Endothermic, because it took only a little energy to cause the reaction.
Exothermic, because light and heat were emitted.
During a chemical reaction, the number of atoms(1 point)
Responses
decreases.
decreases.
stays the same.
stays the same.
increases.
increases.
fluctuates.
fluctuates.
stays the same.
A large portion of cellular respiration happens in the mitochondria. For this reason, the mitochondria are known colloquially as the “powerhouses of the cell.” Which body organ could best be compared to the mitochondria?(1 point)
Responses
the heart because it pumps nutrients around the body
the heart because it pumps nutrients around the body
the lungs because they add oxygen to the body
the lungs because they add oxygen to the body
the stomach because it breaks down nutrients and releases energy for the body
the stomach because it breaks down nutrients and releases energy for the body
the brain because it controls the body
the stomach because it breaks down nutrients and releases energy for the body
Reliability refers to(1 point)
Responses
consistency
consistency
elegance
elegance
professionalism
professionalism
relevancy
consistency
Which is the best way to corroborate information?(1 point)
Responses
Find biased, valid sources that oppose your position on a scientific topic.
Find biased, valid sources that oppose your position on a scientific topic.
Find unbiased, valid sources that support your position on a scientific topic.
Find unbiased, valid sources that support your position on a scientific topic.
Find biased, invalid sources that support your position on a scientific topic.
Find biased, invalid sources that support your position on a scientific topic.
Find unbiased, invalid sources that oppose your position on a scientific topic.
Find unbiased, invalid sources that oppose your position on a scientific topic.
Find unbiased, valid sources that support your position on a scientific topic.
In 3-5 sentences, explain how the rate of photosynthesis or cellular respiration can be measured using products or reactants.(4 points)
The rate of photosynthesis can be measured by monitoring the production of oxygen as a product, or the consumption of carbon dioxide as a reactant. An increase in the rate of oxygen production or a decrease in the rate of carbon dioxide consumption indicates a higher rate of photosynthesis. Similarly, the rate of cellular respiration can be measured by monitoring the consumption of oxygen as a reactant, or the production of carbon dioxide as a product. An increase in the rate of oxygen consumption or a higher production of carbon dioxide indicates a higher rate of cellular respiration. By monitoring these changes in reactants or products, the rate of photosynthesis or cellular respiration can be quantitatively measured.
A substance is dissolved in water, and the temperature of the surroundings decreases. Is this process exothermic or endothermic? Explain your reasoning in 3-5 sentences. (4 points)
Based on the information provided, the process of dissolving a substance in water and experiencing a decrease in temperature is generally an endothermic process. This is because the dissolution of a solute in a solvent typically requires energy input. As the solute particles separate and become surrounded by water molecules, they disrupt the existing hydrogen bonds between water molecules, resulting in a decrease in temperature. This energy is absorbed from the surroundings, leading to the overall cooling effect. Therefore, the decrease in temperature indicates an endothermic process as energy is being absorbed from the surroundings to facilitate the dissolution.
In 3-5 sentences, explain how the nutrients in what you eat contribute to your body's biochemistry.
The nutrients in our diet play crucial roles in our body's biochemistry. Carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches, provide energy by being broken down into glucose, which is used for cellular respiration. Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues, as they are composed of amino acids that are used to synthesize enzymes, hormones, and structural components. Fats provide energy storage and insulation, while also serving as a structural component of cell membranes. Additionally, vitamins and minerals act as cofactors in enzymatic reactions, ensuring proper functioning and metabolism. Overall, the nutrients we consume contribute to the intricate biochemistry of our body, allowing it to carry out essential functions and maintain optimal health.
Your friend asks for your help checking their essay about sugar production and use in plants. They have found an online encyclopedia stating that plants produce glucose via photosynthesis. Glucose is linked together to form the carbohydrate starch. They are confused, though, because a university website states that glucose is linked together to form cellulose, the main part of plant cell walls.
In 3–5 sentences, describe how you can help your friend check their information and how both statements can be true.