Which of these items provide evidence supporting the Big Bang theory? Select the two correct items.(1 point) Responses cosmic background radiation cosmic background radiation composition of matter in the universe composition of matter in the universe rate of star formation rate of star formation sizes and shapes of distant galaxies
The correct items that provide evidence supporting the Big Bang theory are:
1. Cosmic background radiation: The discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation, which is the remnants of the early universe, is consistent with the prediction of the Big Bang theory.
2. Composition of matter in the universe: The observation that the universe is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, with traces of other elements, is consistent with the predictions of the Big Bang theory.
Which evidence supports the idea that Cosmic Microwave Background radiation is a remnant of the Big Bang?(1 point) Responses Its mass fluctuates greatly. Its mass fluctuates greatly. Its temperature is uniform. Its temperature is uniform. Its mass is uniform. Its mass is uniform. Its temperature fluctuates greatly.
The evidence that supports the idea that Cosmic Microwave Background radiation is a remnant of the Big Bang is that its temperature is uniform.
A scientist, using a telescope, sees arcs of light around a galaxy. In 3–5 sentences, explain the cause of the arcs of light.
The arcs of light seen around a galaxy are known as gravitational lensing. They occur due to the bending of light by the gravitational pull of a massive object in front of the observed galaxy. In this case, the gravity of another galaxy or a cluster of galaxies in the foreground causes the light from the background galaxy to bend, creating a distorted and elongated appearance in the form of arcs. Gravitational lensing is a phenomenon predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity and provides valuable insights into the distribution of mass in the universe.
How is dark energy related to the theory of the Big Bang?(1 point) Responses It causes the expansion of the universe to accelerate. It causes the expansion of the universe to accelerate. It seeded the formation of galaxies and star clusters. It seeded the formation of galaxies and star clusters. It causes the spinning of galaxies. It causes the spinning of galaxies. It causes the universe to expand.
Dark energy is related to the theory of the Big Bang in that it causes the expansion of the universe to accelerate. According to current models, dark energy is a hypothetical form of energy that fills empty space and has a negative pressure. Its existence helps to explain the observed accelerated expansion of the universe, which was one of the key predictions of the Big Bang theory.
Which represents a correct match between ideas related to the formation of the universe? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses structures forming in the early universe — dark matter structures forming in the early universe — dark matter greatest percent of mass of universe — dark matter greatest percent of mass of universe — dark matter accelerating expansion — dark energy accelerating expansion — dark energy glowing nebulae — dark energy glowing nebulae — dark energy
The two correct matches between ideas related to the formation of the universe are:
1. Structures forming in the early universe — dark matter: Dark matter played a crucial role in the formation of structures, such as galaxies and galaxy clusters, in the early universe due to its gravitational influence.
2. Accelerating expansion — dark energy: Dark energy is believed to be responsible for the observed accelerating expansion of the universe, acting as a repulsive force that counteracts gravity at large cosmic scales.
Which statements about nuclear fusion are false? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses Nuclear fusion takes place in the cores of stars. Nuclear fusion takes place in the cores of stars. Nuclear fusion is used to generate electricity at nuclear power plants. Nuclear fusion is used to generate electricity at nuclear power plants. Nuclear fusion releases large amounts of energy. Nuclear fusion releases large amounts of energy. The fuel for nuclear fusion is often uranium.
The two statements about nuclear fusion that are false are:
1. Nuclear fusion is used to generate electricity at nuclear power plants: Nuclear power plants use nuclear fission, not fusion, to generate electricity. Fission involves splitting atoms, while fusion involves combining atoms.
2. The fuel for nuclear fusion is often uranium: Uranium is used as fuel for nuclear fission reactions, not for fusion. Fusion commonly involves isotopes of hydrogen, such as deuterium and tritium.
Which of the following statements provide evidence to support the big bang theory? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses The universe began as a very high density singularity. The universe began as a very high density singularity. The ratios of hydrogen and helium in the universe match those of the early universe. The ratios of hydrogen and helium in the universe match those of the early universe. Dark matter makes up the majority of matter in the galaxy. Dark matter makes up the majority of matter in the galaxy. Small spiral galaxies become larger elliptical galaxies when they collide.
The two statements that provide evidence to support the Big Bang theory are:
1. The universe began as a very high density singularity: The idea of the universe originating from a singularity and undergoing rapid expansion is a key concept of the Big Bang theory.
2. The ratios of hydrogen and helium in the universe match those of the early universe: The observed abundances of hydrogen and helium in the universe align with the predicted ratios expected from the early stages of the Big Bang, providing further support for the theory.
Which statements describe ways that nuclear fission is different than nuclear fusion? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses Nuclear fission is used to produce electricity at nuclear power plants. Nuclear fission is used to produce electricity at nuclear power plants. Nuclear fission involves one large atom splitting into two smaller atoms. Nuclear fission involves one large atom splitting into two smaller atoms. Nuclear fission takes place in the nucleus of an atom. Nuclear fission takes place in the nucleus of an atom. Nuclear fission releases a huge amount of energy.
The two statements that describe ways that nuclear fission is different from nuclear fusion are:
1. Nuclear fission involves one large atom splitting into two smaller atoms: In nuclear fission, a heavy nucleus, such as uranium or plutonium, splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing energy in the process.
2. Nuclear fission is used to produce electricity at nuclear power plants: Nuclear power plants use nuclear fission reactions to generate electricity by harnessing the energy released when the heavy nuclei split.
Relate dark matter to the development of the universe after the Big Bang. In 3-5 sentences, speculate on how the development of the universe would have been different if there had been no dark matter. In your answer, use the term structures.
Dark matter plays a crucial role in the development of the universe after the Big Bang. Its gravitational pull helps in the formation and evolution of structures like galaxies and galaxy clusters. Speculatively, if there had been no dark matter, the development of the universe would have been significantly different. The gravitational interactions that shaped the growth and distribution of matter would have been altered, leading to fewer and less massive structures. Galaxies might not have formed or would have formed much later, and the large-scale structure of the universe would have been less pronounced. By its absence, the structure and dynamics of the universe would have been drastically altered.
How does the change in the temperature of the universe provide evidence for universe expansion that supports the Big Bang Theory?(1 point) Responses The universe is cooling which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos accumulates. The universe is cooling which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos accumulates. The universe is cooling which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos disperses. The universe is cooling which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos disperses. The universe is warming which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos accumulates. The universe is warming which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos accumulates. The universe is warming which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos disperses.
The change in the temperature of the universe provides evidence for universe expansion and supports the Big Bang Theory because the universe is cooling. According to the Big Bang Theory, as the universe expands, the energy and radiation within it become more spread out, leading to a decrease in temperature. This cooling trend aligns with the predictions of the Big Bang Theory and is consistent with the observed cosmic microwave background radiation, which is the cooled remnant of the early hot universe.
How does the change in the temperature of the universe provide evidence for universe expansion that supports the Big Bang Theory?(1 point) Responses
The universe is cooling which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos accumulates.
The universe is cooling which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos disperses.
The universe is warming which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos accumulates.
The universe is warming which, according to the Big Bang Theory, is expected to happen as the cosmos disperses.
The change in the temperature of the universe provides evidence for universe expansion and supports the Big Bang Theory because the universe is cooling. According to the Big Bang Theory, as the universe expands, the energy and radiation within it become more spread out, leading to a decrease in temperature. This cooling trend aligns with the predictions of the Big Bang Theory and is consistent with the observed cosmic microwave background radiation, which is the cooled remnant of the early hot universe.
Which statements about nuclear fusion are false? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses Nuclear fusion is used to generate electricity at nuclear power plants. Nuclear fusion is used to generate electricity at nuclear power plants. Nuclear fusion takes place in the cores of stars. Nuclear fusion takes place in the cores of stars. Nuclear fusion releases large amounts of energy. Nuclear fusion releases large amounts of energy. The fuel for nuclear fusion is often uranium. The fuel for nuclear fusion is often uranium.
The two statements about nuclear fusion that are false are:
1. Nuclear fusion is used to generate electricity at nuclear power plants: Currently, nuclear power plants use nuclear fission, not fusion, to generate electricity. Fission involves splitting atoms, while fusion involves combining atoms.
2. The fuel for nuclear fusion is often uranium: Uranium is used as fuel for nuclear fission reactions, not for fusion. Fusion commonly involves isotopes of hydrogen, such as deuterium and tritium.