A video shows the objects in the solar system orbiting the sun. Why do objects orbit the sun?(1 point)
Responses
The sun is so bright that objects are forced away.
The sun is so bright that objects are forced away.
The sun is moving so quickly that other objects move around it.
The sun is moving so quickly that other objects move around it.
The sun is so massive that it has the most gravity.
The sun is so massive that it has the most gravity.
The sun is releasing heat and pushing objects away.
The sun is releasing heat and pushing objects away.
The sun is so massive that it has the most gravity.
Suppose a person built a sandcastle of moon sand on the moon. What would that person find there a month later?(1 point)
Responses
The sandcastle would be much smaller because changing winds would have eroded much of the sand away.
The sandcastle would be much smaller because changing winds would have eroded much of the sand away.
The sandcastle would remain in place the same size that it was because the moon has no wind.
The sandcastle would remain in place the same size that it was because the moon has no wind.
The sandcastle would have grown larger by collecting more sand particles because moon sand is blown by wind.
The sandcastle would have grown larger by collecting more sand particles because moon sand is blown by wind.
The sandcastle would have grown larger because moon sand particles attract other moon sand particles.
The sandcastle would remain in place the same size that it was because the moon has no wind.
Use the scenario to answer the question.
A student creates a diagram comparing the sizes of objects in the solar system.
Which two objects are often similar in size?
(1 point)
Responses
planets and meteors
planets and meteors
comets and planets
comets and planets
asteroids and comets
asteroids and comets
moons and meteors
planets and meteors
How do outer planets differ from inner planets?(1 point)
Responses
They have very large solid surfaces.
They have very large solid surfaces.
They are not different from inner planets.
They are not different from inner planets.
They consist of a mixture of gases and liquid.
They consist of a mixture of gases and liquid.
They are smaller than the inner planets.
They consist of a mixture of gases and liquid.
Average Distance from the Sun (AU) 0.72 1.0 1.5 5.2 9.5 30
Length of Year (Earth years) 0.62 1.0 1.9 11.9 29.4 164.8
Time for One Rotation (Earth days) 243 1.0 1.03 0.41 0.44 0.67
Mass (compared to Earth) 0.80 1.0 0.1 318 95 17
Surface Gravity (compared to Earth) 0.90 1.0 0.38 2.53 1.06 1.14
Size (compared to Earth) 0.94 1.0 0.53 11.0 9.1 3.9
Average Surface Temperature (ºC) 462 14 –62 –145 –140 –214
Number of Moons 0 1 2 79 82 14
Which planet is most similar in size to Earth?
(1 point)
Responses
Venus
Venus
Jupiter
Venus
Use the scenario to answer the question.
A student makes a chart about galaxies and mentions that the universe consists of many galaxies such as the Andromeda galaxy and the Milky Way galaxy.
Which statement is true about these two galaxies?
(1 point)
Responses
The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy, and the Andromeda galaxy is not.
The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy, and the Andromeda galaxy is not.
They are both moving away from each other.
They are both moving away from each other.
The Milky Way galaxy is larger than the Andromeda galaxy.
The Milky Way galaxy is larger than the Andromeda galaxy.
They both exert a strong gravitational pull on each other.
They both exert a strong gravitational pull on each other.
Why do students and scientists construct scale models of natural phenomena?(1 point)
Responses
to define new units of measurement
to define new units of measurement
to correct mistakes in nature
to correct mistakes in nature
to better observe patterns and relationships
to better observe patterns and relationships
to collect data from natural events
to better observe patterns and relationships
Which planet is approximately four times larger than the diameter of Venus on a scale model?(1 point)
Responses
Earth
Earth
Mercury
Mercury
Mars
Mars
Neptune
Neptune
How does distance affects gravity?(1 point)
Responses
Gravity remains the same regardless of distance.
Gravity remains the same regardless of distance.
Gravity is zero at any point in the solar system.
Gravity is zero at any point in the solar system.
Gravity increases with increasing distance.
Gravity increases with increasing distance.
Gravity increases with decreasing distance.
Gravity increases with decreasing distance.
Gravity decreases with increasing distance.
What is being used by scientists to organize Earth’s history?(1 point)
Responses
fossil record
fossil record
layers of rock
layers of rock
mass extinctions
mass extinctions
geologic time scale
geologic time scale
Solar System Unit Test
11 of 1311 of 13 Items
Question
A model shows that the moon has grown to twice its size, yet it has remained in the same place. In one to two sentences, explain how this would impact the gravity between Earth and the moon.(2 points)
Short Answer Rubric (2 points)
Points Awarded Criteria
2
The answer is very clear.
The answer is fully supported by details.
There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with meaning.
1
The answer is somewhat clear.
Details are weak or not related.
There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with meaning.
0 The question is not answered.
If the moon has grown to twice its size but remains in the same place, the impact on the gravity between Earth and the moon would be unchanged. The size of the moon does not affect the gravitational pull between the two bodies.
Scientists have discovered a new planet. The planet is in a solar system whose star is similar in size to the sun and is about as far from the star as Venus is from the sun. The planet is similar in size to Earth, and its atmosphere is similar in thickness to Earth’s atmosphere. The atmosphere is composed almost entirely of carbon dioxide and methane.
In three to five sentences, make a hypothesis about the temperature on the planet’s surface. Explain your answer using information about the planet’s location and atmosphere.
(4 points)
Short Answer Rubric (4 points)
Points Awarded Criteria
4
The answer is very clear.
The answer is fully supported by details.
There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with meaning.
3
The answer is mostly clear.
The answer is supported by mostly relevant details.
There are a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with meaning.
2
The answer is somewhat clear.
Details are weak or not related.
There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with meaning.
1
The answer is not clear.
There are few or no supporting details.
There are many errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with meaning.
0 The question is not answered.
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Based on the information given, a hypothesis about the temperature on the surface of the newly discovered planet could be that it is likely to be very hot. The planet is located about the same distance from its star as Venus is from the sun, and Venus has a very high average surface temperature due to its thick atmosphere composed mostly of carbon dioxide. The presence of carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere of the new planet suggests a strong greenhouse effect, which could contribute to high temperatures on the planet's surface.
Solar System Unit Test
13 of 1313 of 13 Items
Question
A student wants to draw a scale model of the solar system. In three to four sentences or bullet points, explain what steps should be taken to create this model.(4 points)
Short Answer Rubric (4 points)
Points Awarded Criteria
4
The answer is very clear.
The answer is fully supported by details.
There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with meaning.
3
The answer is mostly clear.
The answer is supported by mostly relevant details.
There are a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with meaning.
2
The answer is somewhat clear.
Details are weak or not related.
There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with meaning.
1
The answer is not clear.
There are few or no supporting details.
There are many errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with meaning.
0 The question is not answered.
Skip to navigation
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To create a scale model of the solar system, the following steps should be taken:
1. Select a scale: Decide on a scale that will represent the sizes and distances of the objects in the solar system accurately. For example, you could use a scale where 1 centimeter on the model represents 1 million kilometers in real life.
2. Gather information: Research the sizes and distances of the objects in the solar system. Find measurements and data for the sizes of planets, their distances from the sun, and their relative positions in the solar system.
3. Create the model: Use the chosen scale to represent the objects in the solar system accurately. Use the gathered information to determine the sizes and distances of each object in the model. Use objects such as balls, beads, or drawings to represent the sun, planets, and other celestial bodies.
4. Arrange the model: Place the objects in their appropriate positions according to the scale. Keep in mind the order of the objects in the solar system and their relative distances from the sun. Label the objects to identify them correctly.
By following these steps, a scale model of the solar system can be created that accurately represents the sizes and distances of the objects in our solar system.
A student wants to draw a scale model of the solar system. In three to four sentences or bullet points, explain what steps should be taken to create this model.(4 points)
To create a scale model of the solar system, follow these steps:
1. Determine the scale: Decide on a ratio that will be used to represent the size and distance of objects accurately. For example, 1 cm could represent 1 million km.
2. Gather information: Research and collect data on the sizes and distances of the planets, moons, and other celestial bodies in the solar system.
3. Draw or represent the objects: Use the determined scale to draw or create representations of the objects in the solar system. Use different materials, such as paper or clay, to make models that accurately reflect their sizes.
4. Arrange the models: Arrange the drawn or created objects in the correct order and position relative to the Sun. Ensure that the distances between the objects are proportional to the scale used.
By following these steps, a scale model of the solar system can be created that represents the sizes and distances of the objects in an accurate and proportional way.