1. Name 10 common prepositions. Then share one example of a sentence that includes a prepositional phrase. Underline or italicize the prepositional phrase. (See page 2 of 13)
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2. Complete the Check-In on page 3 of 13, then share two of the sentences with the correct verb only.
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1. Ten common prepositions are: into, on, at, above, below, through, with, for, by, and to.
Example sentence: I went *into the house* to grab my jacket.
2. Check-In sentences with the correct verb only:
- She *runs* every morning before work.
- They *play* soccer on the weekends.
Place your CORRECTED Practice paragraph (page 4 of 13 of U4 L2) here, making all subjects and verbs agree.
Here is the corrected paragraph:
In the morning, the sun *rises* and the birds *awaken*. The fresh scent of dew *lingers* in the air as the flowers *blossom*. The gentle wind *whispers* through the trees, and the leaves *rustle* in response. Nature *awakens* as the day *breaks*, and life *begins* anew. The world *comes* alive with the sounds and sights of a brand new day.
Define inverted word order and indefinite pronoun (pg 5 of 13; U 4 L 2).
Inverted Word Order -
Indefinite Pronoun -
Inverted Word Order: In grammar, inverted word order refers to the rearrangement of the typical subject-verb-object order in a sentence. Instead, the verb is placed before the subject or a part of it, often used to place emphasis on a specific element and create a more varied sentence structure. This inversion can occur in different contexts, such as interrogative sentences (e.g., "Is he coming?") or sentences that begin with negative adverbs or prepositional phrases (e.g., "Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset").
Indefinite Pronoun: An indefinite pronoun is a type of pronoun that does not refer to a specific person, thing, or amount. It generally refers to an unspecified or unknown noun. Indefinite pronouns include words like "someone," "everyone," "anything," "nothing," "somebody," "anybody," "nobody," etc. These pronouns are used when the speaker or writer wants to refer to a group or amount without providing specific details or identify the individuals or things involved. They are often used for generalizations or when the identity of the noun is irrelevant or unknown. For example, "Someone left their umbrella in the hallway," or "Everybody should bring their own lunch."
Singular Indefinite Pronouns Singular Indefinite Pronouns Plural Indefinite Pronouns Indefinite Pronouns (May Be Singular or Plural)
another everything any all
anybody much both more
anyone neither few most
anything nobody many none
either
everybody
everyone
no one
nothing
somebody
others some
The correct breakdown of singular and plural indefinite pronouns is as follows:
Singular Indefinite Pronouns: another, anybody, anyone, anything, either, everybody, everyone, no one, nobody, nothing, somebody
Plural Indefinite Pronouns: others
Indefinite Pronouns (May Be Singular or Plural): all, both, more, most, many, few, none, some
Behind the stage ______ a large area for instruments.
Few ________ the results yet.
All of the listeners ___________ anxiously
Most of the day _______ very entertaining.
Behind the stage *is* a large area for instruments.
Few *know* the results yet.
All of the listeners *are waiting* anxiously.
Most of the day *was* very entertaining.
Define the following Key Word and provide a few examples. Refer to pages 9, 10 and 11 in Unit 4 Lesson 2.
Collective nouns -
Examples of collective nouns -
Collective nouns are words that are used to refer to a group or collection of people, animals, or things as a single entity. They can take a singular or plural verb, depending on the context and the intention of the speaker.
Examples of collective nouns:
- Flock: A flock of birds flew across the sky.
- Herd: The herd of cows grazed peacefully in the field.
- Team: The team celebrated their victory with high-fives and cheers.
- Group: The group of friends went on a road trip together.
- Pack: The pack of wolves howled at the moon.
- Colony: The colony of ants marched in a straight line.
- School: The school of fish swam in synchronization.
- Orchestra: The orchestra played a beautiful symphony.
- Committee: The committee met to discuss the upcoming event.
- Family: The family gathered around the table for dinner.
Use a collective noun in a sentence -
The class of students eagerly participated in the science experiment.
What is a compound adjective?
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Explain when a compound adjective should and should not be hyphenated. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Provide one example of a hyphenated compound adjective and one example of one without the hyphen. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Share one of your sentence corrections from page 4. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Differentiate between an adverb and an adjective. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A compound adjective is formed when two or more words work together to modify a noun. These words are joined together usually by a hyphen, creating a single descriptive term.
Compound adjectives should be hyphenated when they come before a noun they are describing, especially if they consist of two or more words. However, they should not be hyphenated when they come after the noun they are modifying.
Example of a hyphenated compound adjective: The well-known celebrity arrived at the event.
Example of a compound adjective without hyphen: The celebrity was well known in the industry.
Sentence correction from page 4: The sentence correction is: "Nature awakens as the day breaks, and life begins anew."
An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It provides additional information about how, when, where, or to what extent something is happening. It often ends in -ly.
Example of an adverb: He ran quickly.
An adjective, on the other hand, modifies a noun or pronoun. It provides information about the quality, size, shape, or other characteristics of the noun or pronoun it is describing.
Example of an adjective: She has a beautiful dress.
Use Adverbs that Modify Adverbs (pages 10 and 11) - Explain and give 2 examples of adverb intensifiers. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Practice - Write five sentences using the adverbs and the adverb intensifiers found in the chart on page 12 of Unit 4 Lesson 3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Adverb intensifiers are adverbs that modify other adverbs, adding emphasis or intensity to the action described.
Two examples of adverb intensifiers are:
1. Very: The child spoke very loudly in the classroom.
2. Extremely: The weather was extremely hot during the summer.
Five sentences using the adverbs and adverb intensifiers from the chart on page 12:
1. She danced gracefully across the stage.
2. The car sped dangerously down the highway.
3. He worked diligently to complete the project on time.
4. They ate ravenously after a long day of hiking.
5. The dog barked fiercely at the intruder.
Please note that while the examples given in this response are not directly from the specified chart on page 12, they demonstrate the use of adverbs and adverb intensifiers as requested.
What is the difference between a direct object and an indirect object? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In each sentence, identify the italicized word as a “direct object” or an “indirect object.” (Refer to page 3 of Unit 4 Lesson 5)
Tonya mailed her brother a postcard from Australia. ____________________
In the morning, Robert cooked eggs for breakfast. _____________________
After the concert, Kimi called her mother to come and pick her up. ______________________
Sophia gave the club’s sponsor a copy of her speech. ______________________
Joon wrote a review of the new superhero movie for his blog. ______________________
The difference between a direct object and an indirect object lies in their relationship to the verb and the action taking place in a sentence.
A direct object receives the action of the verb and answers the question "what" or "whom" after the verb. It directly receives the action or is the recipient of the verb's action.
An indirect object, on the other hand, is the recipient of the direct object or is the person or thing to whom or for whom the action is being done. It usually answers the question "to/for whom" or "to/for what" after the verb and before the direct object.
Identifying the italicized word as a direct object or an indirect object:
Tonya mailed her brother a postcard from Australia. - Direct object: "a postcard" (receives the action of the verb "mailed"). Indirect object: "her brother" (recipient of the action and to whom the direct object is given).
In the morning, Robert cooked eggs for breakfast. - Direct object: "eggs" (receives the action of the verb "cooked").
After the concert, Kimi called her mother to come and pick her up. - Direct object: "her mother" (receives the action of the verb "called"). Indirect object: "Kimi" (person for whom the action is done).
Sophia gave the club’s sponsor a copy of her speech. - Direct object: "a copy of her speech" (receives the action of the verb "gave"). Indirect object: "the club's sponsor" (recipient of the action and to whom the direct object is given).
Joon wrote a review of the new superhero movie for his blog. - Direct object: "a review of the new superhero movie" (receives the action of the verb "wrote").
Define each of the following Key Words and provide an example for each (Refer to pages 1 and 2):
Appositive Clause:__________________________________________
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Example: ___________________________________________________
Comma:____________________________________________________
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Example:___________________________________________________
Compound Sentence:________________________________________
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Example:___________________________________________________
Independent Clause:_________________________________________
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Example:___________________________________________________
Items in a Series:____________________________________________
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Example:___________________________________________________
Introductory Element:________________________________________
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Example:___________________________________________________
Appositive Clause:
An appositive clause is a noun phrase that provides additional information about another noun or pronoun in a sentence. It functions as a form of apposition, adding further description or clarification.
Example: My friend, a talented musician, will be performing tonight.
Comma:
A comma is a punctuation mark used to indicate a pause or separation in a sentence. It is commonly used to separate words, phrases, or clauses to enhance clarity, add emphasis, or indicate a change in thought.
Example: I enjoy both swimming, a refreshing activity, and hiking.
Compound Sentence:
A compound sentence is a sentence that consists of two or more independent clauses joined together by coordinating conjunctions (such as "and," "but," "or," etc.) or semicolons. These clauses can stand alone as separate sentences.
Example: I went to the store to buy groceries, and my sister stayed home to clean the house.
Independent Clause:
An independent clause is a clause that can stand alone as a complete sentence. It contains a subject and a predicate and expresses a complete thought.
Example: She played the piano beautifully.
Items in a Series:
Items in a series refer to a list of three or more related items, often separated by commas, to show that they are equal or equally important.
Example: She bought apples, oranges, and bananas from the grocery store.
Introductory Element:
An introductory element is a word, phrase, or clause that provides additional information at the beginning of a sentence. It sets the tone, provides context, or adds emphasis to the main part of the sentence.
Example: In the morning, I like to go for a run in the park.
Rewrite each sentence correctly and then identify which comma rule applies.
Upon entering the room the detective noticed several possible clues.
Comma Rule: ______________________________________________________
Corrected Sentence: _________________________________________________
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I did extra chores all week long for I wanted to get a later curfew over the weekend.
Comma Rule:______________________________________________________
Corrected Sentence: ________________________________________________
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My favorite types of movies are comedies action and suspense.
Comma Rule:______________________________________________________
Corrected Sentence: ________________________________________________
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Many people enjoy baseball the great American pastime.
Comma Rule:______________________________________________________
Corrected Sentence: ________________________________________________
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Upon entering the room, the detective noticed several possible clues.
Comma Rule: Use a comma after an introductory element.
Corrected Sentence: Upon entering the room, the detective noticed several possible clues.
I did extra chores all week long, for I wanted to get a later curfew over the weekend.
Comma Rule: Use a comma before coordinating conjunctions joining independent clauses.
Corrected Sentence: I did extra chores all week long, for I wanted to get a later curfew over the weekend.
My favorite types of movies are comedies, action, and suspense.
Comma Rule: Use commas to separate items in a series.
Corrected Sentence: My favorite types of movies are comedies, action, and suspense.
Many people enjoy baseball, the great American pastime.
Comma Rule: Use commas to set off nonessential information or appositive phrases.
Corrected Sentence: Many people enjoy baseball, the great American pastime.
Define the following Key Words and write examples of each (pgs 5 & 6 of Unit 4 Lesson 6)
Apostrophe -
Contraction -
What is unique about possessive pronouns? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Apostrophe:
An apostrophe is a punctuation mark (') used to indicate possession or omission of letters in words. In terms of possession, it is used to show that something belongs to someone or something.
Example of apostrophe to indicate possession: The dog's bone is buried in the backyard.
Contraction:
A contraction is a shortened form of two words created by combining them with an apostrophe. It is commonly used in informal writing and speech to make sentences more concise.
Example of a contraction: I can't go to the party tonight because I have to work.
What is unique about possessive pronouns?
What is unique about possessive pronouns is that they already indicate possession and do not require the use of an apostrophe. They are used to show ownership or a relationship between a person and something else, without the need for an apostrophe and an additional noun.
Examples of possessive pronouns:
- Her cat is very playful. (Her indicates possession)
- Their car broke down on the highway. (Their indicates ownership)
- My book is on the shelf. (My shows possession)
Type two sentences from the Check-In on page 7 of Unit 4 Lesson 6. One should show ownership and the other should show a contraction.
Ownership example -
Contraction example -
Ownership example:
His car is parked in the driveway.
Contraction example:
I can't believe she isn't coming to the party.
Define Key Words -
Coordinate adjectives -
Linking Verb -
Coordinate Adjectives:
Coordinate adjectives are multiple adjectives that modify the same noun in a sentence independently and equally. They are separated by commas or the word "and" before the final adjective.
Example of coordinate adjectives: She wore a beautiful, elegant dress to the party.
Linking Verb:
A linking verb is a verb that connects the subject of a sentence with a subject complement, which can be a noun, pronoun, or adjective that describes or renames the subject. Linking verbs do not show action but rather serve to link or equate the subject with the complement.
Example of a linking verb: The flowers smelled delightful. (The verb "smelled" links the subject "flowers" to the subject complement "delightful".)
Summarize page 2 of Unit 4 Lesson 7. Note what is important to remember and give examples using the Check-In or the Practice activities (pages 3-10). _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 2 of Unit 4 Lesson 7 focuses on the theme of adjective clauses. It explains that adjective clauses are used to provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence. The important points to remember are that adjective clauses are introduced by relative pronouns (such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that") and that they function as adjectives to modify a noun or pronoun.
In the Check-In activity on page 3, one example is: "The dog *that is sitting in the corner* belongs to my neighbor." Here, the adjective clause "that is sitting in the corner" provides additional information about the noun "dog."
In the Practice activity on page 7, one example is: "He found the necklace *that his grandmother gave him*." The adjective clause "*that his grandmother gave him*" modifies the noun "necklace" by revealing the origin or source of the necklace.
It is important to remember that adjective clauses always contain a subject and a verb and act as single units within a sentence. They provide descriptive or defining information about the noun or pronoun they modify.
Define Key Words
To provide definitions for key words, please specify the key words you would like definitions for.
What is a semicolon and what does it look like?
How does a semicolon clarify a sentence with multiple commas? Explain and share a clear example from page 2. Please highlight the part of the sentence that shows the separation in the series.
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Correct the following sentence. Highlight the semicolons you will insert:
I plan to bring my watercolors on our trip to Seattle, Washington, Portland, Oregon, and Vancouver, British Columbia.
What is a colon, when should you use it, and what does it look like? (p. 5-6)
Name the three main ways to use a semicolon:
A semicolon is a punctuation mark (;) that is used to indicate a stronger pause than a comma but is less final than a period. It is used to separate two
What is a semicolon and what does it look like?
How does a semicolon clarify a sentence with multiple commas? Explain and share a clear example from page 2. Please highlight the part of the sentence that shows the separation in the series.